Borges Isabela L, Dangerfield Jillian C, Angeloni Lisa M, Funk W Chris, Fitzpatrick Sarah W
W.K. Kellogg Biological Station, Michigan State University, Hickory Corners, Michigan, USA.
Department of Integrative Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA.
Ecol Lett. 2022 Feb;25(2):344-354. doi: 10.1111/ele.13929. Epub 2021 Nov 25.
Theory suggests that the evolution of dispersal is balanced by its fitness costs and benefits, yet empirical evidence is sparse due to the difficulties of measuring dispersal and fitness in natural populations. Here, we use spatially explicit data from a multi-generational capture-mark-recapture study of two populations of Trinidadian guppies (Poecilia reticulata) along with pedigrees to test whether there are fitness benefits correlated with dispersal. Combining these ecological and molecular data sets allows us to directly measure the relationship between movement and reproduction. Individual dispersal was measured as the total distance moved by a fish during its lifetime. We analysed the effects of dispersal propensity and distance on a variety of reproductive metrics. We found that number of mates and number of offspring were positively correlated to dispersal, especially for males. Our results also reveal individual and environmental variation in dispersal, with sex, size, season, and stream acting as determining factors.
理论表明，扩散的进化是由其适应性成本和收益平衡的，但由于在自然种群中测量扩散和适应性存在困难，实证证据很少。在这里，我们使用来自特立尼达孔雀鱼（Poecilia reticulata）两个种群的多代标记重捕研究的空间明确数据以及谱系来测试是否存在与扩散相关的适应性益处。结合这些生态和分子数据集使我们能够直接测量运动与繁殖之间的关系。个体扩散被测量为一条鱼在其一生中移动的总距离。我们分析了扩散倾向和距离对各种繁殖指标的影响。我们发现配偶数量和后代数量与扩散呈正相关，尤其是对于雄性。我们的结果还揭示了扩散中的个体和环境差异，性别、大小、季节和溪流是决定因素。
