Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, United States of America; VA Eastern Colorado Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center (GRECC), Aurora, CO 80045, United States of America.
Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, United States of America.
Exp Gerontol. 2022 Jan;157:111633. doi: 10.1016/j.exger.2021.111633. Epub 2021 Nov 23.
Exercise is recommended for cardiometabolic benefits and to preserve or improve bone health, especially for older adults at increased risk of fracture. However, exercise interventions have modest benefits on areal bone mineral density (aBMD), and exercise can lead to bone loss in young athletes under certain conditions. In this narrative review, we discuss evidence for a disruption in calcium homeostasis during exercise that may diminish the skeletal benefits of exercise. Topics include 1) a general overview of the effects of exercise on aBMD; 2) discussion of the exercise-induced disruption in calcium homeostasis; 3) factors that influence the magnitude of the exercise-induced disruption in calcium homeostasis, including age, sex, and exercise mode, intensity, and duration; 4) oral calcium supplementation to minimize the exercise-induced disruption in calcium homeostasis; and 5) potential for exercise-induced increase in parathyroid hormone to be both catabolic and anabolic to bone.
运动有益于心脏代谢健康，并有助于维持或改善骨骼健康，尤其是对骨折风险增加的老年人。然而，运动干预对骨矿物质密度（aBMD）的增加效果有限，而且在某些情况下，运动可能会导致年轻运动员的骨质流失。在这篇叙述性综述中，我们讨论了运动过程中钙稳态的破坏可能会降低运动对骨骼的益处的证据。讨论的主题包括：1）运动对 aBMD 的一般影响；2）讨论运动引起的钙稳态破坏；3）影响钙稳态破坏程度的因素，包括年龄、性别以及运动模式、强度和持续时间；4）口服钙补充剂以最小化运动引起的钙稳态破坏；5）运动引起的甲状旁腺激素增加可能对骨骼既有分解代谢作用又有合成代谢作用。
