Department of Biophysics, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, CZ-783 71, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Ilkovičova 6, Mlynská dolina B2, SK-842 15, Bratislava, Slovakia; Comenius University Science Park, Comenius University in Bratislava, Ilkovičova 8, SK-841 04, Bratislava, Slovakia.
Plant Physiol Biochem. 2021 Dec;169:311-321. doi: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.11.019. Epub 2021 Nov 16.
General volatile anaesthetics (GVA) inhibit electrical signal propagation in animal neurons. Although plants do not have neurons, they generate and propagate electrical signals systemically from a local damaged leaf to neighbouring leaves. This systemic electrical signal propagation is mediated by ligand-gated glutamate receptor-like (GLR) channels. Here, we investigated the effect of GVA diethyl ether on the systemic electrical and further downstream responses in Arabidopsis thaliana. We monitored electrical signals, cytoplasmic Ca level ([Ca]), ultra-weak photon emission, amino acid contents, phytohormone response as well as gene expression in response to heat wounding during diethyl ether anaesthesia. We found complete suppression of electrical and [Ca] signal propagation from damaged leaf to neighbouring systemic leaves upon diethyl ether treatment. Concomitantly, jasmonates (JAs) did not accumulate and expression of JA-responsive genes (AOS, OPR3, JAZ10) was not detected in systemic leaves. However local damaged leaves still showed increased [Ca] and accumulated high level of JAs and JA-inducible transcripts. An exogenously added GLR ligand, L-glutamate, was not able to trigger Ca wave in etherized plants indicating that GLRs are targeted by diethyl ether, but not specifically. The fact that GVA inhibit electrical signal propagation not only in animals but also in plants is intriguing. However, the cellular response is completely blocked only in systemic leaves; the local damaged leaf still senses damaging stimuli.
一般挥发性麻醉剂（GVA）抑制动物神经元中的电信号传播。尽管植物没有神经元，但它们会从受损的局部叶片向邻近叶片系统性地产生和传播电信号。这种系统性电信号传播是由配体门控谷氨酸受体样（GLR）通道介导的。在这里，我们研究了 GVA 二乙醚对拟南芥系统电信号和下游反应的影响。我们在二乙醚麻醉过程中监测了电信号、细胞质 Ca 水平([Ca])、超弱光子发射、氨基酸含量、植物激素反应以及基因表达对热损伤的反应。我们发现，在用二乙醚处理后，电信号和[Ca]信号从受损叶片向邻近的系统性叶片的传播完全受到抑制。同时，茉莉酸（JAs）没有积累，系统叶片中也没有检测到 JA 反应基因（AOS、OPR3、JAZ10）的表达。然而，局部受损叶片仍显示出 Ca 水平升高和高水平的 JAs 和 JA 诱导的转录物积累。外源性添加的 GLR 配体 L-谷氨酸不能在醚化植物中引发 Ca 波，表明二乙醚靶向 GLR，但不是特异性的。GVA 不仅在动物中而且在植物中抑制电信号传播这一事实令人着迷。然而，细胞反应仅在系统性叶片中完全被阻断；局部受损叶片仍能感知到损伤刺激。
