Pelé Marie, Thomas Gwendoline, Liénard Alaïs, Eguchi Nagi, Shimada Masaki, Sueur Cédric
Anthropo-Lab, ETHICS EA7446, Lille Catholic University, 59000 Lille, France.
UFR LLSHS, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, 95100 Paris, France.
Animals (Basel). 2021 Nov 9;11(11):3202. doi: 10.3390/ani11113202.
This study analyses 749 drawings by five female Bornean orang-utans () at Tama Zoological Park in Japan. We searched for differences between individuals but also tried to identify possible temporal changes among the drawings of one individual, Molly, who drew almost 1300 drawings from 2006 to 2011. An analysis of the drawings was carried out after collecting quantitative and qualitative variables. Our findings reveal evidence of differences in the drawing style of the five individuals as well as creative changes in Molly's drawing style throughout her lifetime. Individuals differed in terms of the colours used, the space they filled, and the shapes (fan patterns, circles, or loops) they drew. Molly drew less and less as she grew older, and we found a significant difference between drawings produced in winter, when orang-utans were kept inside and had less activity, and those produced during other seasons. Our results suggest that the drawing behaviour of these five orang-utans is not random and that differences among individuals might reflect differences of styles, states of mind, and motivation to draw.
本研究分析了日本多摩动物园的五只雌性婆罗洲猩猩绘制的749幅画作。我们不仅寻找个体之间的差异，还试图确定一只名为莫莉的猩猩在绘画中可能存在的时间变化，莫莉在2006年至2011年间绘制了近1300幅画作。在收集了定量和定性变量后，对这些画作进行了分析。我们的研究结果显示，这五只猩猩的绘画风格存在差异，并且莫莉在其一生中绘画风格也有创造性的变化。个体在使用的颜色、填充的空间以及绘制的形状（扇形图案、圆形或环形）方面存在差异。随着年龄的增长，莫莉绘画的数量越来越少，并且我们发现，在冬季（此时猩猩被关在室内，活动较少）绘制的画作与其他季节绘制的画作之间存在显著差异。我们的结果表明，这五只猩猩的绘画行为并非随机的，个体之间的差异可能反映了绘画风格、心理状态和绘画动机的不同。
