Baldachini Marzia, Regaiolli Barbara, Llorente Miquel, Riba David, Spiezio Caterina
Fundació UdG: Innovació i Formació, Universitat de Girona, 17003 Girona, Spain.
Research & Conservation Department, Parco Natura Viva-Garda Zoological Park, Bussolengo (VR), Loc. Figara 40, 37012 Verona, Italy.
Animals (Basel). 2021 Nov 17;11(11):3288. doi: 10.3390/ani11113288.
Social laterality in non-human primates has started to attract attention in recent years. The positioning of individuals during social interactions could possibly suggest the nature of a relationship and the social ranking of the subjects involved. The subjects of the present study were 12 adult () housed in a zoological garden. We carried out fourteen 210-min video-recorded sessions and we used a focal animal sampling method to collect the position of the subjects during different social interactions. Data on the position of each macaque during three types of social interactions were collected (approach, proximity and affiliative contacts). Moreover, we focused on the outcomes of dyadic agonistic encounters to build the hierarchy of the colony. For each social interaction, two conditions were considered: the side preference (being kept on the left or on the right) and the sagittal preference (being kept in front or on the rear). Bouts of preference of different positions were collected for different social interactions (approach, proximity and contacts). No group-level side preferences were found for any social interaction, suggesting that both hemispheres might be complemental and balance each other during intraspecific communication. For the sagittal preference, we found a group-level bias for proximity, with macaques being kept in front rather than on the rear by close conspecifics. This might be due to the need to detect emotions and intentions of conspecifics. Moreover, high-ranking individuals are kept more frontally than on the rear when in proximity with other macaques. More studies are needed to better investigate social laterality, possibly distinguishing more categories of social interaction, and detecting other variables that might influence the positioning preferences.
近年来，非人类灵长类动物的社会偏向性开始受到关注。在社交互动中个体的位置可能暗示着关系的性质以及所涉及主体的社会等级。本研究的对象是12只圈养在动物园的成年（）。我们进行了14次时长为210分钟的视频记录实验，并使用焦点动物取样法收集了不同社交互动中主体的位置。收集了每只猕猴在三种社交互动类型（接近、靠近和亲密接触）中的位置数据。此外，我们关注二元争斗遭遇的结果以构建群体的等级制度。对于每种社交互动，考虑了两个条件：侧面偏好（保持在左侧或右侧）和矢状面偏好（保持在前方或后方）。收集了不同社交互动（接近、靠近和接触）中不同位置偏好的发作情况。在任何社交互动中均未发现群体层面的侧面偏好，这表明在种内交流过程中，两个半球可能相互补充并保持平衡。对于矢状面偏好，我们发现群体层面在靠近行为上存在偏向，猕猴在与同类近距离接触时更多地保持在前方而非后方。这可能是由于需要察觉同类个体的情绪和意图。此外，高等级个体在与其他猕猴靠近时，更多地保持在前方而非后方。需要进行更多研究以更好地探究社会偏向性，可能需要区分更多类别的社交互动，并检测其他可能影响位置偏好的变量。
