Gaitán-Chaparro Sandra, Navia-Rodríguez Edwin, Romero Hernán Mauricio
Colombian Oil Palm Research Center-Cenipalma, Oil Palm Biology and Breeding Research Program, Bogotá 11121, Colombia.
Department of Biology, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá 11132, Colombia.
J Fungi (Basel). 2021 Oct 27;7(11):910. doi: 10.3390/jof7110910.
Oil palm ( Jacq. and Cortes) is one of the most important oil crops in the world. Colombia is the fourth-largest oil palm producer worldwide. However, oil palm diseases are a significant factor affecting yield. (De Seynes) Höhn is a pathogen that affects young palm trees, causing spear rot. Four disease establishment methods were studied to replicate, in a controlled environment, the symptoms of the disease found in the field. Young palm trees were inoculated with a suspension of endoconidia using either local infiltration, drip, scissor cut, or direct contact with agar blocks bearing mycelia and conidia. The effects of the inoculation methods were studied in dose-method-disease severity experiments conducted in a greenhouse under controlled conditions. All four methods resulted in infections and the development of symptoms of the disease. The disease severity was correlated with the method and dose of inoculation. In trials to test Koch's postulates, was isolated from areas of disease progression in the inoculated trees, but the teleomorph (Dade) Moreau was not observed. A photographic record of the infection process at different times post-infection was compiled. Given that establishing the disease through artificial inoculation is essential for assessing plant pathogenesis, this study determined that the local infiltration method (1 × 10 endoconidia mL) and a 3-7 day incubation period were critical for the development of symptoms as severe as those observed in natural infections in the field.
油棕（雅克和科尔特斯）是世界上最重要的油料作物之一。哥伦比亚是全球第四大油棕生产国。然而，油棕病害是影响产量的一个重要因素。（德塞内斯）霍恩是一种影响幼龄棕榈树的病原体，会导致心腐病。研究了四种病害接种方法，以便在可控环境中重现田间发现的病害症状。使用局部浸润、滴注、剪叶或直接接触带有菌丝体和分生孢子的琼脂块的方式，用分生孢子内细胞悬浮液对幼龄棕榈树进行接种。在可控条件下的温室中进行剂量 - 方法 - 病害严重程度实验，研究接种方法的效果。所有四种方法都导致了感染和病害症状的发展。病害严重程度与接种方法和剂量相关。在验证柯赫氏法则的试验中，从接种树木病害进展区域分离出了（病原体），但未观察到有性型（戴德）莫罗。汇编了感染后不同时间的感染过程照片记录。鉴于通过人工接种确定病害对于评估植物发病机制至关重要，本研究确定局部浸润法（1×10个分生孢子/毫升）和3 - 7天的潜伏期对于出现与田间自然感染中观察到的同样严重的症状至关重要。
