Zibis Aristeidis H, Vassalou Evangelia E, Raoulis Vasileios A, Lampridis Vasileios, Klontzas Michail E, Fyllos Apostolos, Stavlas Panagiotis, Karantanas Apostolos H
Laboratory of Anatomy, Department of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, 3 University Str, Biopolis, 41110 Larissa, Greece.
Department of Medical Imaging, University Hospital, 71500 Heraklion, Greece.
Diagnostics (Basel). 2021 Oct 22;11(11):1965. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics11111965.
This research focuses on the anatomical insertion of the synovial capsule around the knee. The attachments of the capsule were measured in 50 knee MR imaging studies with large intraarticular effusion. Corresponding measurements were performed in 20 fresh frozen cadaveric specimens, for validation. Femoral and tibial capsular reflections were defined as the distances between the attachment sites of the capsule and the femoral or tibial joint line and they were recorded in three coronal planes (anterior/middle/posterior). On MR imaging, the lateral/medial femoral capsular reflection mean values were 6.5/4.57 cm, 2.74/1.74 cm and 1.52/1.99 cm in the anterior, middle and posterior plane, respectively. MR imaging-based measurements did not differ significantly compared to corresponding cadaveric measurements. The mean values of the lateral/medial tibial capsular reflection on MR imaging were 0.09/0.11 cm, 0.34/0.26 cm and 0.62/0.34 cm in the anterior, middle and posterior plane, respectively. On cadaveric dissection, the maximum mean value was 1.45 cm, measured on the lateral side of the anterior plane. Apart from the lateral aspect of the posterior plane, MR imaging measurements were significantly lower, compared to the corresponding cadaveric measurements. The greatest femoral and tibial capsular reflections were found on the anterior and lateral side of the anterior plane. MR imaging appears to underestimate the distal extent of the knee capsule. Anatomical details of the knee capsule should be considered for safe insertion of external fixator pins.
本研究聚焦于膝关节周围滑膜囊的解剖学附着。在50例伴有大量关节内积液的膝关节磁共振成像（MR）研究中测量了滑膜囊的附着情况。为进行验证，在20个新鲜冷冻尸体标本上进行了相应测量。股骨和胫骨的滑膜囊反折定义为滑膜囊附着点与股骨或胫骨关节线之间的距离，并在三个冠状平面（前/中/后）进行记录。在MR成像上，股骨外侧/内侧滑膜囊反折在前、中、后平面的平均值分别为6.5/4.57厘米、2.74/1.74厘米和1.52/1.99厘米。与相应的尸体测量结果相比，基于MR成像的测量结果无显著差异。MR成像上胫骨外侧/内侧滑膜囊反折在前、中、后平面的平均值分别为0.09/0.11厘米、0.34/0.26厘米和0.62/0.34厘米。在尸体解剖中，在前平面外侧测量的最大值为1.45厘米。除后平面外侧外，与相应的尸体测量结果相比，MR成像测量值显著更低。股骨和胫骨滑膜囊反折最大处位于前平面的前侧和外侧。MR成像似乎低估了膝关节囊的远端范围。在安全插入外固定针时应考虑膝关节囊的解剖细节。
