Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Armed Forces Taoyuan General Hospital, Taoyuan 325, Taiwan.
Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan.
Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Nov 13;22(22):12285. doi: 10.3390/ijms222212285.
Arteriovenous fistula (AVF) stenosis remains an important cause of AVF maturation failure, for which there are currently no effective therapies. We examined the pattern and phenotype of cellular proliferation at different timepoints in a mouse model characterized by a peri-anastomotic AVF stenosis.
Standard immunohistochemical analyses for cellular proliferation and macrophage infiltration were performed at 2, 7 and 14 d on our validated mouse model of AVF stenosis to study the temporal profile, geographical location and cellular phenotype of proliferating and infiltrating cells in this model.
Adventitial proliferation and macrophage infiltration (into the adventitia) began at 2 d, peaked at 7 d and then declined over time. Surprisingly, there was minimal macrophage infiltration or proliferation in the neointimal region at either 7 or 14 d, although endothelial cell proliferation increased rapidly between 2 d and 7 d, and peaked at 14 d.
Early and rapid macrophage infiltration and cellular proliferation within the adventitia could play an important role in the downstream pathways of both neointimal hyperplasia and inward or outward remodelling.
动静脉瘘（AVF）狭窄仍然是 AVF 成熟失败的一个重要原因，目前尚无有效的治疗方法。我们在一种吻合口周围动静脉瘘狭窄的小鼠模型中，研究了细胞增殖在不同时间点的模式和表型。
在我们验证的动静脉瘘狭窄小鼠模型中，于术后 2、7 和 14 天进行细胞增殖和巨噬细胞浸润的标准免疫组织化学分析，以研究该模型中增殖和浸润细胞的时间进程、地理位置和细胞表型。
外膜增殖和巨噬细胞浸润（进入外膜）始于术后 2 天，于第 7 天达到峰值，然后随时间下降。令人惊讶的是，无论是在第 7 天还是第 14 天，内膜区域的巨噬细胞浸润或增殖都很少，尽管内皮细胞增殖在 2 天至 7 天之间迅速增加，并在第 14 天达到峰值。
外膜中的早期和快速的巨噬细胞浸润和细胞增殖可能在新生内膜增生和向内或向外重塑的下游途径中发挥重要作用。
