Bellinato Francesco, Maurelli Martina, Gisondi Paolo, Girolomoni Giampiero
Section of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Piazzale A. Stefani 1, 37126 Verona, Italy.
J Clin Med. 2021 Nov 16;10(22):5344. doi: 10.3390/jcm10225344.
Many patients are receiving SARS-CoV-2 vaccinations, which have been associated with a variety of adverse effects. Cutaneous adverse reactions to SARS-CoV-2 vaccinations have been progressively reported, but they have not been reviewed according to their morphological clinical patterns. The objective of this review was to summarize the existing data concerning the cutaneous adverse reactions following SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and group them according to common morphological and pathogenetic patterns. We reviewed the English language literature up to 15 August 2021, using predefined keywords to identify the relevant studies evaluating cutaneous adverse reactions associated with SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. We search for recurrent morphological patterns sharing clinical signs and symptoms and physio-pathological mechanisms. Timing to onset following the first or booster dose of the vaccine, predisposing conditions, therapeutic management, and outcome were also collected. Among the dermatological manifestations associated with SARS-CoV-2 vaccinations, we distinguished: (1) new onset reactions and (2) flares of preexisting dermatoses. The most common were injection site reactions, affecting 30-70% and generally mild or moderate. Small case series or single case reports included filler reactions, exanthemas, vascular lesions, urticaria, eczematous dermatitis, autoimmune bullous reactions, and severe cutaneous adverse reactions. In addition, the exacerbation of chronic immuno-mediated dermatoses (mainly psoriasis and atopic dermatitis) and reactivations of herpes infection were reported. The cutaneous reactions were generally mild, self-limiting, and resembled common cutaneous drug eruptions and/or COVID-19 skin manifestations.
许多患者正在接种严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）疫苗，这些疫苗与多种不良反应相关。关于SARS-CoV-2疫苗的皮肤不良反应已有越来越多的报道，但尚未根据其形态学临床模式进行综述。本综述的目的是总结有关SARS-CoV-2疫苗接种后皮肤不良反应的现有数据，并根据常见的形态学和发病机制模式对其进行分类。我们检索了截至2021年8月15日的英文文献，使用预定义的关键词来识别评估与SARS-CoV-2疫苗相关的皮肤不良反应的相关研究。我们寻找具有共同临床体征、症状和生理病理机制的反复出现的形态学模式。还收集了首次或加强剂量疫苗接种后的发病时间、诱发因素、治疗管理和结果。在与SARS-CoV-2疫苗接种相关的皮肤病表现中，我们区分出：（1）新发反应和（2）既往皮肤病的发作。最常见的是注射部位反应，发生率为30%-70%，通常为轻度或中度。小病例系列或单病例报告包括填充剂反应、皮疹、血管病变、荨麻疹、湿疹性皮炎、自身免疫性大疱反应和严重皮肤不良反应。此外，还报告了慢性免疫介导性皮肤病（主要是银屑病和特应性皮炎）的加重以及疱疹感染的复发。皮肤反应通常较轻，具有自限性，类似于常见的皮肤药物疹和/或冠状病毒病（COVID-19）的皮肤表现。
