Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin 3419759811, Iran.
Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Health & Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, 11 Yuk Choi Rd Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Nov 19;18(22):12146. doi: 10.3390/ijerph182212146.
Problems caused by the novel coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) and its mutations have brought challenges in pandemic control for all countries worldwide. The present study examines the mediating roles of fear of COVID-19 and trust in the healthcare system in the association between individual's risk perception and performing preventive COVID-19 behaviours among Iranians. A cross-sectional study design was used to collect data from 3652 residents of Qazvin province in Iran from 3 February to 15 April 2021 using a multistage stratified cluster sampling method. Participants responded to an online questionnaire concerning their fear of COVID-19, risk perception, trust in the healthcare system, and preventive COVID-19 behaviours. Small to medium positive interrelationships were observed between the variables of the study. Fear of COVID-19, trust in the healthcare system or both (fear of COVID-19 and trust in the healthcare system) mediated the association between an individual's risk perception and performing preventive COVID-19 behaviours. The study demonstrated there are at least four ways through which an individual's risk perception can influence preventive COVID-19 behaviours. Therefore, clinicians, health communicators, and researchers may capitalize on these findings to enhance preventive COVID-19 behaviours to help mitigate the spread of COVID-19 infection.
新型冠状病毒病-2019（COVID-19）及其变异引起的问题给世界各国的大流行控制带来了挑战。本研究考察了在伊朗个体对 COVID-19 的风险感知与实施预防 COVID-19 行为之间的关系中，对 COVID-19 的恐惧和对医疗保健系统的信任的中介作用。采用横断面研究设计，于 2021 年 2 月 3 日至 4 月 15 日，采用多阶段分层聚类抽样方法，从伊朗卡齐凡省的 3652 名居民中收集数据。参与者通过在线问卷回答了他们对 COVID-19 的恐惧、风险感知、对医疗保健系统的信任以及预防 COVID-19 的行为。研究变量之间存在小到中等程度的正相关关系。对 COVID-19 的恐惧、对医疗保健系统的信任或两者（对 COVID-19 的恐惧和对医疗保健系统的信任）均在个体的风险感知与实施预防 COVID-19 行为之间起中介作用。研究表明，个体的风险感知至少有四种方式可以影响预防 COVID-19 的行为。因此，临床医生、卫生传播者和研究人员可以利用这些发现来增强预防 COVID-19 的行为，以帮助减轻 COVID-19 感染的传播。
