Catalano Claudio, Ben-Hail Danya, Qiu Weihua, Blount Paul, des Georges Amedee, Guo Youzhong
Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298-0540, USA.
Institute for Structural Biology, Drug Discovery and Development, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298-0113, USA.
Membranes (Basel). 2021 Oct 31;11(11):849. doi: 10.3390/membranes11110849.
Mechanosensitive channels respond to mechanical forces exerted on the cell membrane and play vital roles in regulating the chemical equilibrium within cells and their environment. High-resolution structural information is required to understand the gating mechanisms of mechanosensitive channels. Protein-lipid interactions are essential for the structural and functional integrity of mechanosensitive channels, but detergents cannot maintain the crucial native lipid environment for purified mechanosensitive channels. Recently, detergent-free systems have emerged as alternatives for membrane protein structural biology. This report shows that while membrane-active polymer, SMA2000, could retain some native cell membrane lipids on the transmembrane domain of the mechanosensitive-like YnaI channel, the complete structure of the transmembrane domain of YnaI was not resolved. This reveals a significant limitation of SMA2000 or similar membrane-active copolymers. This limitation may come from the heterogeneity of the polymers and nonspecific interactions between the polymers and the relatively large hydrophobic pockets within the transmembrane domain of YnaI. However, this limitation offers development opportunities for detergent-free technology for challenging membrane proteins.
机械敏感通道对施加在细胞膜上的机械力做出反应,并在调节细胞及其环境中的化学平衡方面发挥重要作用。需要高分辨率的结构信息来理解机械敏感通道的门控机制。蛋白质-脂质相互作用对于机械敏感通道的结构和功能完整性至关重要,但去污剂无法为纯化的机械敏感通道维持关键的天然脂质环境。最近,无去污剂系统已成为膜蛋白结构生物学的替代方案。本报告表明,虽然膜活性聚合物SMA2000可以在机械敏感样YnaI通道的跨膜结构域上保留一些天然细胞膜脂质,但YnaI跨膜结构域的完整结构尚未解析。这揭示了SMA2000或类似膜活性共聚物的一个重大局限性。这种局限性可能来自聚合物的异质性以及聚合物与YnaI跨膜结构域内相对较大的疏水口袋之间的非特异性相互作用。然而,这一局限性为针对具有挑战性的膜蛋白的无去污剂技术提供了发展机会。