Pawelec Barbara, Guil-López Rut, Mota Noelia, Fierro Jose Luis Garcia, Navarro Yerga Rufino Manuel
Instituto de Catálisis y Petroleoquímica, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), 28049 Madrid, Spain.
Materials (Basel). 2021 Nov 17;14(22):6952. doi: 10.3390/ma14226952.
There is a large worldwide demand for light olefins (C-C), which are needed for the production of high value-added chemicals and plastics. Light olefins can be produced by petroleum processing, direct/indirect conversion of synthesis gas (CO + H) and hydrogenation of CO. Among these methods, catalytic hydrogenation of CO is the most recently studied because it could contribute to alleviating CO emissions into the atmosphere. However, due to thermodynamic reasons, the design of catalysts for the selective production of light olefins from CO presents different challenges. In this regard, the recent progress in the synthesis of nanomaterials with well-controlled morphologies and active phase dispersion has opened new perspectives for the production of light olefins. In this review, recent advances in catalyst design are presented, with emphasis on catalysts operating through the modified Fischer-Tropsch pathway. The advantages and disadvantages of olefin production from CO via CO or methanol-mediated reaction routes were analyzed, as well as the prospects for the design of a single catalyst for direct olefin production. Conclusions were drawn on the prospect of a new catalyst design for the production of light olefins from CO.
全球对轻质烯烃（C-C）有巨大需求，生产高附加值化学品和塑料需要轻质烯烃。轻质烯烃可通过石油加工、合成气（CO + H）的直接/间接转化以及CO的加氢来生产。在这些方法中，CO的催化加氢是最近研究的重点，因为它有助于减少向大气中的CO排放。然而，由于热力学原因，设计从CO选择性生产轻质烯烃的催化剂面临不同挑战。在这方面，具有良好控制的形态和活性相分散的纳米材料合成方面的最新进展为轻质烯烃的生产开辟了新前景。在本综述中，介绍了催化剂设计的最新进展，重点是通过改性费托途径运行的催化剂。分析了通过CO或甲醇介导的反应路线由CO生产烯烃的优缺点，以及设计用于直接生产烯烃的单一催化剂的前景。得出了关于从CO生产轻质烯烃的新型催化剂设计前景的结论。
