Rodríguez-Ortiz Alvaro, Muriel-Plaza Isabel, Alía-García Cristina, Pinilla-Cea Paz, Suárez-Bermejo Juan C
Structural Materials Research Center, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
Polymers (Basel). 2021 Nov 22;13(22):4043. doi: 10.3390/polym13224043.
Currently, the procurement of lightweight, tough, and impact resistant materials is garnering significant industrial interest. New hybrid materials can be developed on the basis of the numerous naturally found materials with gradient properties found in nature. However, previous studies on granular materials demonstrate the possibility of capturing the energy generated by an impact within the material itself, thus deconstructing the initial impulse into a series of weaker impulses, dissipating the energy through various mechanisms, and gradually releasing undissipated energy. This work focuses on two production methods: spin coating for creating a granular material with composition and property gradients (an acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) polymer matrix reinforced by carbon nanolaminates at 0.10%, 0.25%, and 0.50%) and 3D printing for generating viscoelastic layers. The aim of this research was to obtain a hybrid material from which better behaviour against shocks and impacts and increased energy dissipation capacity could be expected when the granular material and viscoelastic layers were combined. Nondestructive tests were employed for the morphological characterization of the nanoreinforcement and testing reinforcement homogeneity within the matrix. Furthermore, the Voronoï tessellation method was used as a mathematical method to supplement the results. Finally, mechanical compression tests were performed to reveal additional mechanical properties of the material that had not been specified by the manufacturer of the 3D printing filaments.
目前，轻质、坚韧且抗冲击材料的采购正引起工业界的广泛关注。基于自然界中大量具有梯度特性的天然材料，可以开发新型混合材料。然而，先前对颗粒材料的研究表明，有可能在材料内部捕获冲击产生的能量，从而将初始冲量解构为一系列较弱的冲量，通过各种机制耗散能量，并逐渐释放未耗散的能量。这项工作聚焦于两种生产方法：旋涂法用于制造具有成分和性能梯度的颗粒材料（由0.10%、0.25%和0.50%的碳纳米层增强的丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯（ABS）聚合物基体）以及3D打印法用于生成粘弹性层。本研究的目的是获得一种混合材料，当颗粒材料和粘弹性层结合时，预期其具有更好的抗冲击和抗撞击性能以及更高的能量耗散能力。采用无损检测对纳米增强体进行形态表征并测试基体内部的增强均匀性。此外，使用沃罗诺伊镶嵌法作为一种数学方法来补充结果。最后，进行机械压缩试验以揭示3D打印细丝制造商未指定的材料的其他机械性能。
