Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, 50411 Tartu, Estonia.
Pharmacy Department, Tartu University Hospital, L. Puusepa 8, 50406 Tartu, Estonia.
Medicina (Kaunas). 2021 Nov 8;57(11):1218. doi: 10.3390/medicina57111218.
: N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is a mucolytic agent used to prevent ventilator-associated pneumonia in intensive care units. This study aimed to evaluate the oral bioavailability of NAC in critically ill patients with pneumonia, isolated acute brain injury and abdominal sepsis. : This quantitative and descriptive study compared NAC's pharmacokinetics after intravenous and enteral administration. 600 mg of NAC was administered in both ways, and the blood levels for NAC were measured. : 18 patients with pneumonia, 19 patients with brain injury and 17 patients with abdominal sepsis were included in the population pharmacokinetic modelling. A three-compartmental model without lag-time provided the best fit to the data. Oral bioavailability was estimated as 11.6% (95% confidence interval 6.3-16.9%), similar to bioavailability in healthy volunteers and patients with chronic pulmonary diseases. : The bioavailability of enteral NAC of ICU patients with different diseases is similar to the published data on healthy volunteers.
N-乙酰半胱氨酸（NAC）是一种黏液溶解剂，用于预防重症监护病房中的呼吸机相关性肺炎。本研究旨在评估肺炎、孤立性急性脑损伤和腹部脓毒症的重症患者中 NAC 的口服生物利用度。
这是一项定量和描述性研究，比较了静脉内和肠内给予 NAC 后的药代动力学。两种途径均给予 600mg 的 NAC，并测量 NAC 的血药浓度。
将 18 例肺炎、19 例脑损伤和 17 例腹部脓毒症患者纳入群体药代动力学建模。无滞后时间的三房室模型为数据提供了最佳拟合。口服生物利用度估计为 11.6%（95%置信区间 6.3-16.9%），与健康志愿者和慢性肺部疾病患者中的生物利用度相似。
不同疾病的 ICU 患者肠内给予 NAC 的生物利用度与健康志愿者的已发表数据相似。
