Information Science Academy of China Electronics Technology Group Corporation, Beijing 100086, China.
Sensors (Basel). 2021 Nov 20;21(22):7727. doi: 10.3390/s21227727.
With the demand for accurately recognizing human actions and environmental situations, multifunctional sensors are essential elements for smart applications in various emerging technologies, such as smart robots, human-machine interface, and wearable electronics. Low-dimensional materials provide fertile soil for multifunction-integrated devices. This review focuses on the multifunctional sensors for mechanical stimulus and environmental information, such as strain, pressure, light, temperature, and gas, which are fabricated from low-dimensional materials. The material characteristics, device architecture, transmission mechanisms, and sensing functions are comprehensively and systematically introduced. Besides multiple sensing functions, the integrated potential ability of supplying energy and expressing and storing information are also demonstrated. Some new process technologies and emerging research areas are highlighted. It is presented that optimization of device structures, appropriate material selection for synergy effect, and application of piezotronics and piezo-phototronics are effective approaches for constructing and improving the performance of multifunctional sensors. Finally, the current challenges and direction of future development are proposed.
随着对准确识别人类动作和环境情况的需求的增加，多功能传感器是各种新兴技术（如智能机器人、人机界面和可穿戴电子设备）中智能应用的重要组成部分。低维材料为多功能集成器件提供了肥沃的土壤。本综述重点介绍了由低维材料制成的用于机械刺激和环境信息（如应变、压力、光、温度和气体）的多功能传感器。全面系统地介绍了材料特性、器件结构、传输机制和传感功能。除了多种传感功能外，还展示了集成的供能、表达和存储信息的潜力能力。强调了一些新工艺技术和新兴研究领域。提出了优化器件结构、选择协同效应的合适材料以及应用压电器件和压电光电器件是构建和改善多功能传感器性能的有效途径。最后，提出了当前的挑战和未来发展方向。
