Dodueva Irina, Lebedeva Maria, Lutova Lyudmila
Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Emb. 7/9, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia.
Plants (Basel). 2021 Oct 21;10(11):2243. doi: 10.3390/plants10112243.
Various plant hormones can integrate developmental and environmental responses, acting in a complex network, which allows plants to adjust their developmental processes to changing environments. In particular, plant peptide hormones regulate various aspects of plant growth and development as well as the response to environmental stress and the interaction of plants with their pathogens and symbionts. Various plant-interacting organisms, e.g., bacterial and fungal pathogens, plant-parasitic nematodes, as well as symbiotic and plant-beneficial bacteria and fungi, are able to manipulate phytohormonal level and/or signaling in the host plant in order to overcome plant immunity and to create the habitat and food source inside the plant body. The most striking example of such phytohormonal mimicry is the ability of certain plant pathogens and symbionts to produce peptide phytohormones of different classes. To date, in the genomes of plant-interacting bacteria, fungi, and nematodes, the genes encoding effectors which mimic seven classes of peptide phytohormones have been found. For some of these effectors, the interaction with plant receptors for peptide hormones and the effect on plant development and defense have been demonstrated. In this review, we focus on the currently described classes of peptide phytohormones found among the representatives of other kingdoms, as well as mechanisms of their action and possible evolutional origin.
多种植物激素可整合发育和环境响应，在一个复杂的网络中发挥作用，使植物能够根据不断变化的环境调整其发育过程。特别是，植物肽激素调节植物生长发育的各个方面以及对环境胁迫的响应，以及植物与其病原体和共生体的相互作用。各种与植物相互作用的生物体，如细菌和真菌病原体、植物寄生线虫，以及共生和对植物有益的细菌和真菌，能够操纵宿主植物体内的植物激素水平和/或信号传导，以克服植物免疫，并在植物体内创造栖息地和食物来源。这种植物激素模拟的最显著例子是某些植物病原体和共生体产生不同类别的肽植物激素的能力。迄今为止，在与植物相互作用的细菌、真菌和线虫的基因组中，已经发现了编码模拟七类肽植物激素的效应子的基因。对于其中一些效应子，已经证明了它们与植物肽激素受体的相互作用以及对植物发育和防御的影响。在这篇综述中，我们重点关注目前在其他生物类群代表中发现的肽植物激素类别，以及它们的作用机制和可能的进化起源。
