Zaman Qamar Uz, Rashid Muhammad, Nawaz Rab, Hussain Afzal, Ashraf Kamran, Latif Maria, Heile Abdihakim Osman, Mehmood Faisal, Salahuddin Sughra, Chen Yinglong
Department of Environmental Sciences, The University of Lahore, Lahore 54590, Pakistan.
Nuclear Institute for Agriculture & Biology, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan.
Plants (Basel). 2021 Nov 12;10(11):2440. doi: 10.3390/plants10112440.
Soil contamination with toxic cadmium (Cd) is becoming a serious global problem and poses a key hazard to environments and the health of human beings worldwide. The present study investigated the effects of foliar applications of three forms of silicate chemicals (calcium silicate, sodium silicate, and potassium silicate) at four rates (0.25%, 0.5%, 0.75%, and 1.0%) at tillering stage on rice growth and the accumulation of Cd under Cd stress (30 mg kg). The results showed that Cd stress reduced the yield-related traits and enlarged Cd contents in different rice organs. The leaf gas exchange attributes and yield traits were enhanced, and the Cd accumulation and bioaccumulation factor in rice organs were reduced, especially in grains, through silicon application. In shoots, roots, and grains, foliar spray of Si reduced Cd contents by 40.3%, 50.7%, and 47.9%, respectively. The effectiveness of silicate compounds in reducing Cd toxicity varied with the kind of chemicals and doses of foliar applications. Foliar application of potassium silicate, at a rate of 0.5%, at tillering stage, showed the best effectiveness in improving grain yield, while mitigating Cd accumulation in rice grains. The outcome of this study provides a promising practicable approach in alleviating Cd toxicity in rice and preventing the entrance of Cd into the food chain.
土壤被有毒镉（Cd）污染正成为一个严重的全球性问题，对全球环境和人类健康构成重大危害。本研究调查了在分蘖期以四种浓度（0.25%、0.5%、0.75%和1.0%）叶面喷施三种形式的硅酸盐化学品（硅酸钙、硅酸钠和硅酸钾）对镉胁迫（30毫克/千克）下水稻生长和镉积累的影响。结果表明，镉胁迫降低了产量相关性状，并增加了不同水稻器官中的镉含量。通过施用硅，叶片气体交换特性和产量性状得到增强，水稻器官中的镉积累和生物积累系数降低，尤其是在籽粒中。在地上部、根部和籽粒中，叶面喷施硅分别使镉含量降低了40.3%、50.7%和47.9%。硅酸盐化合物降低镉毒性的效果因化学品种类和叶面喷施剂量而异。在分蘖期以0.5%的浓度叶面喷施硅酸钾，在提高籽粒产量的同时减轻水稻籽粒中镉积累方面表现出最佳效果。本研究结果为减轻水稻镉毒性和防止镉进入食物链提供了一种有前景的实用方法。
