Mejía-Morales Claudia, Rodríguez-Macías Ramón, Salcedo-Pérez Eduardo, Zamora-Natera Juan Francisco, Rodríguez-Zaragoza Fabián Alejandro, Molina-Torres Jorge, Délano-Frier John Paul, Zañudo-Hernández Julia
Departamento de Ecología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad de Guadalajara, Zapopan 44600, Mexico.
Departamento de Botánica y Zoología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad de Guadalajara, Zapopan 44600, Mexico.
Plants (Basel). 2021 Nov 13;10(11):2451. doi: 10.3390/plants10112451.
and are scarcely studied wild pumpkin species that grow in arid and semi-arid areas of Mexico and the United States. This study describes the morphological, proximal composition, metabolic finger-prints and seed protein profiles of and fruits collected in the wild during a one-year period in different locations of central-western Mexico. The results obtained complement the limited information concerning the fruit composition of and greatly expand information in this respect regarding . Morphology and proximal composition of their fruits varied significantly. Different metabolic fingerprints and seed protein profiles were detected between them and also with the chemical composition of domesticated fruits. The neutral lipids in seed, pulp and peels were rich in wax content and in unsaturated compounds, probably carotenoids and tocopherols, in addition to tri-, di- and mono-acylglycerols. The tri- and diacylglycerol profiles of their seed oils were different from commercial seed oils and between each other. They also showed unusual fatty acid compositions. Evidence of a possible alkaloid in the pulp and peel of both species was obtained in addition to several putative cucurbitacins. An abundance of phenolic acids was found in all fruit parts, whereas flavonoids were only detected in the peels. Unlike most cucurbits, globulins were not the main protein fraction in the seeds of , whereas the non-structural carbohydrate and raffinose oligosaccharide content in their fruit parts was lower than in other wild cucurbit species. These results emphasize the significantly different chemical composition of these two marginally studied species, which was more discrepant in , despite the notion regarding as an aberrant species with no affinity to any other species.
和是几乎未被研究过的野生南瓜品种，生长于墨西哥和美国的干旱及半干旱地区。本研究描述了在墨西哥中西部不同地点，于一年时间内采集的和果实的形态、近端成分、代谢指纹图谱及种子蛋白质谱。所得结果补充了关于和果实成分的有限信息，并极大地扩展了关于在这方面的信息。它们果实的形态和近端成分差异显著。在它们之间以及与驯化的果实的化学成分相比，检测到了不同的代谢指纹图谱和种子蛋白质谱。种子、果肉和果皮中的中性脂质富含蜡质成分以及不饱和化合物，除了三酰甘油、二酰甘油和单酰甘油外，可能还含有类胡萝卜素和生育酚。它们种子油的三酰甘油和二酰甘油谱与商业种子油不同，且彼此之间也不同。它们还呈现出不寻常的脂肪酸组成。除了几种推定的葫芦素外，在这两个品种的果肉和果皮中还获得了可能存在生物碱的证据。在所有果实部位都发现了大量的酚酸，而黄酮类化合物仅在果皮中检测到。与大多数葫芦科植物不同，球蛋白不是种子中的主要蛋白质组分，并且其果实部位的非结构性碳水化合物和棉子糖低聚糖含量低于其他野生葫芦科物种。这些结果强调了这两个研究较少的品种在化学成分上存在显著差异，尽管将视为与任何其他品种都无亲缘关系的异常品种，但**的差异更为明显。
