含有 PDZ 结构域的蛋白质是 ACE2 受体的作用靶点。
PDZ-Containing Proteins Targeted by the ACE2 Receptor.
机构信息
Unité Récepteurs-Canaux, Institut Pasteur, UMR CNRS 3571, 75015 Paris, France.
出版信息
Viruses. 2021 Nov 15;13(11):2281. doi: 10.3390/v13112281.
Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is a main receptor for SARS-CoV-2 entry to the host cell. Indeed, the first step in viral entry is the binding of the viral trimeric spike (S) protein to ACE2. Abundantly present in human epithelial cells of many organs, ACE2 is also expressed in the human brain. ACE2 is a type I membrane protein with an extracellular N-terminal peptidase domain and a C-terminal collectrin-like domain that ends with a single transmembrane helix and an intracellular 44-residue segment. This C-terminal segment contains a PDZ-binding motif (PBM) targeting protein-interacting domains called PSD-95/Dlg/ZO-1 (PDZ). Here, we identified the human PDZ specificity profile of the ACE2 PBM using the high-throughput holdup assay and measuring the binding intensities of the PBM of ACE2 against the full human PDZome. We discovered 14 human PDZ binders of ACE2 showing significant binding with dissociation constants' values ranging from 3 to 81 μM. NHERF, SHANK, and SNX27 proteins found in this study are involved in protein trafficking. The PDZ/PBM interactions with ACE2 could play a role in ACE2 internalization and recycling that could be of benefit for the virus entry. Interestingly, most of the ACE2 partners we identified are expressed in neuronal cells, such as SHANK and MAST families, and modifications of the interactions between ACE2 and these neuronal proteins may be involved in the neurological symptoms of COVID-19.
血管紧张素转化酶 2(ACE2)是 SARS-CoV-2 进入宿主细胞的主要受体。实际上,病毒进入的第一步是病毒三聚体刺突(S)蛋白与 ACE2 的结合。ACE2 在许多器官的人类上皮细胞中大量存在,也在人脑中有表达。ACE2 是一种 I 型膜蛋白,具有胞外 N 端肽酶结构域和 C 端 collectrin 样结构域,末端有一个单一的跨膜螺旋和一个 44 个残基的胞内片段。该 C 端片段包含一个 PDZ 结合基序(PBM),靶向称为 PSD-95/Dlg/ZO-1(PDZ)的蛋白相互作用结构域。在这里,我们使用高通量滞留测定法和测量 ACE2 PBM 与完整人类 PDZome 的结合强度,确定了 ACE2 PBM 的人类 PDZ 特异性谱。我们发现 ACE2 的 14 种人类 PDZ 结合物具有显著的结合,解离常数(KD)值范围为 3 至 81 μM。在这项研究中发现的 NHERF、SHANK 和 SNX27 蛋白参与蛋白质转运。ACE2 的 PDZ/PBM 相互作用可能在 ACE2 的内化和回收中发挥作用,这对病毒进入可能有益。有趣的是,我们鉴定的 ACE2 大多数伴侣都在神经元细胞中表达,如 SHANK 和 MAST 家族,ACE2 与这些神经元蛋白之间相互作用的改变可能与 COVID-19 的神经症状有关。