鸡气管器官培养物中鸡和禽偏肺病毒宿主-病原体相互作用的新见解。

New Insights into the Host-Pathogen Interaction of and Avian Metapneumovirus in Tracheal Organ Cultures of Chicken.

作者信息

Rüger Nancy, Sid Hicham, Meens Jochen, Szostak Michael P, Baumgärtner Wolfgang, Bexter Frederik, Rautenschlein Silke

机构信息

Clinic for Poultry, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hannover, Germany.

Reproductive Biotechnology, TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Munich, Germany.

出版信息

Microorganisms. 2021 Nov 22;9(11):2407. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms9112407.

Abstract

Respiratory pathogens are a health threat for poultry. Co-infections lead to the exacerbation of clinical symptoms and lesions. () and Avian Metapneumovirus (AMPV) are two avian respiratory pathogens that co-circulate worldwide. The knowledge about the host-pathogen interaction of and AMPV in the chicken respiratory tract is limited. We aimed to investigate how co-infections affect the pathogenesis of the respiratory disease and whether the order of invading pathogens leads to changes in host-pathogen interaction. We used chicken tracheal organ cultures (TOC) to investigate pathogen invasion and replication, lesion development, and selected innate immune responses, such as interferon (IFN) α, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and IFNλ mRNA expression levels. We performed mono-inoculations (AMPV or ) or dual-inoculations in two orders with a 24-h interval between the first and second pathogen. Dual-inoculations compared to mono-inoculations resulted in more severe host reactions. Pre-infection with AMPV followed by resulted in prolonged viral replication, more significant innate immune responses, and lesions ( < 0.05). AMPV as the secondary pathogen impaired the bacterial attachment process. Consequently, the replication was delayed, the innate immune response was less pronounced, and lesions appeared later. Our results suggest a competing process in co-infections and offer new insights in disease processes.

摘要

呼吸道病原体对家禽健康构成威胁。合并感染会导致临床症状和病变加重。()和禽偏肺病毒(AMPV)是两种在全球共同传播的禽类呼吸道病原体。关于()和AMPV在鸡呼吸道中的宿主-病原体相互作用的知识有限。我们旨在研究合并感染如何影响呼吸道疾病的发病机制,以及病原体入侵顺序是否会导致宿主-病原体相互作用的变化。我们使用鸡气管器官培养物(TOC)来研究病原体的入侵和复制、病变发展以及选择的先天免疫反应,如干扰素(IFN)α、诱导型一氧化氮合酶(iNOS)和IFNλ mRNA表达水平。我们进行了单接种(AMPV或())或以两种顺序进行双接种,第一次和第二次病原体接种之间间隔24小时。与单接种相比,双接种导致更严重的宿主反应。先感染AMPV再感染()导致病毒复制延长、更显著的先天免疫反应和病变(P<0.05)。AMPV作为继发病原体损害了细菌附着过程。因此,()的复制延迟,先天免疫反应不那么明显,病变出现得更晚。我们的结果表明合并感染中存在竞争过程,并为疾病过程提供了新的见解。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/4873/8618481/4dcc66c6e73b/microorganisms-09-02407-g001.jpg

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