AgriFood Institute of Aragon (IA2), Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Zaragoza, 22002 Huesca, Spain.
Nutrients. 2021 Oct 28;13(11):3858. doi: 10.3390/nu13113858.
A varied and well-planned diet can meet the nutritional needs of an athlete; however, in certain cases, it could be advisable to increase the intake of some vitamins, minerals or other components through the controlled intake of fortified foods or dietary supplements. In the European Union, a high number of sport foods and supplements are marketed; athletes could at times consume them indiscriminately or even choose products that have not been evaluated and approved by scientific evidence. In this sense, it is necessary to know and interpret the specific regulations for these products in order to make adequate use of them. The aim of this manuscript is to describe the current status of the European regulatory framework, focusing on: (1) regulation of the marketing and labelling of both fortified foods and supplements; (2) regulation of the use of substances used as ingredients in fortified foods; and (3) regulation of nutritional claims and/or health properties associated with nutrients, ingredients and other related substances. This review can facilitate knowledgeable decision making by sports nutrition professionals in order to counsel or manage adequate food choices as well as help consumers make better-informed food decisions. Other experts, such as producers who ensure food safety, might also be interested in this review.
多样化且精心规划的饮食可以满足运动员的营养需求；然而，在某些情况下，通过控制强化食品或膳食补充剂的摄入来增加某些维生素、矿物质或其他成分的摄入量可能是明智的。在欧盟，大量的运动食品和补充剂正在销售；运动员有时可能会不加选择地食用它们，甚至选择未经科学证据评估和批准的产品。在这方面，有必要了解和解释这些产品的具体规定，以便正确使用它们。本文的目的是描述欧洲监管框架的现状，重点介绍：（1）强化食品和补充剂的营销和标签规定；（2）作为强化食品成分使用的物质的使用规定；以及（3）与营养素、成分和其他相关物质相关的营养声称和/或健康特性的规定。本综述可以帮助运动营养专业人员做出明智的决策，以提供有关适当食物选择的建议或管理，同时帮助消费者做出更明智的食物选择。其他专家，如确保食品安全的生产者，也可能对本综述感兴趣。
