Center for Nutrition, Healthy Lifestyles, and Disease Prevention, School of Public Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA.
Department of Biology, Walla Walla University, College Place, WA 99324, USA.
Nutrients. 2021 Nov 14;13(11):4069. doi: 10.3390/nu13114069.
Yogurt is considered a healthy, nutritious food in many cultures. With a significant number of people experiencing dairy intolerance, and support for a more sustainable diet, consumer demand for dairy alternatives has surged. The aim of this study was to conduct a cross-sectional survey of plant-based yogurt alternatives to assess their nutritional content and health profile. A total of 249 non-dairy yogurt alternatives were analyzed from the nutrition label listed on the commercial package. The various yogurt alternatives contained extracts of coconut ( = 79), almonds ( = 62), other nuts or seeds ( = 20), oats ( = 20), legumes ( = 16), and mixed blends ( = 52). At least one-third of the yogurt alternatives had 5 g or more of protein/serving. Only 45% of the yogurt alternatives had calcium levels fortified to at least 10% of daily value (DV), while only about one in five had adequate vitamin D and B12 fortification at the 10% DV level. One-half of the yogurt alternatives had high sugar levels, while 93% were low in sodium. Except for the coconut-based products, the yogurts were not high in fat or saturated fat. The yogurt alternatives were not fortified as frequently or to the same levels as the corresponding non-dairy, plant-based beverages.
在许多文化中,酸奶被认为是一种健康、有营养的食品。由于相当一部分人对乳制品不耐受,并且人们支持更可持续的饮食,因此对乳制品替代品的消费需求激增。本研究旨在对植物性酸奶替代品进行横断面调查,以评估其营养成分和健康状况。对商业包装上列出的营养标签进行分析,共分析了 249 种非乳制品酸奶替代品。各种酸奶替代品中含有椰子提取物(=79)、杏仁提取物(=62)、其他坚果或种子提取物(=20)、燕麦提取物(=20)、豆类提取物(=16)和混合提取物(=52)。至少有三分之一的酸奶替代品每份含有 5 克或更多的蛋白质。只有 45%的酸奶替代品的钙含量强化到每日推荐值(DV)的 10%,而只有大约五分之一的酸奶替代品的维生素 D 和 B12 强化到 10% DV 水平。一半的酸奶替代品的含糖量较高,而 93%的酸奶替代品的钠含量较低。除了椰子基产品外,这些酸奶的脂肪和饱和脂肪含量并不高。酸奶替代品的强化程度和频率不如相应的非乳制品、植物性饮料。