National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA.
Department of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Methods Mol Biol. 2022;2393:179-206. doi: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1803-5_10.
Tumor development can be indirectly evaluated using features of the tumor microenvironment (TME), such as hemoglobin saturation (HbSat), blood vessel dilation, and formation of new vessels. High values of HbSat and other features of the TME could indicate high metabolic activity and could precede the formation of angiogenic tumors; therefore, changes in HbSat profile can be used as a biomarker for tumor progression. One methodology to evaluate HbSat profile over time, and correlate it with tumor development in vivo in a preclinical model, is through a dorsal skin-fold window chamber. In this chapter, we provide a detailed description of this methodology to evaluate hemoglobin saturation profile and to predict tumor development. We will cover the surgical preparation of the mouse, the installation/maintenance of the dorsal window chamber, and the imaging processing and evaluation to the HbSat profile to predict new development of new tumor areas over time. We included, in this chapter, step by step examples of the imaging processing method to obtain pixel level HbSat values from raw pixels data, the computational method to determine the HbSat profile, and the steps for the classification of the areas into tumor and no-tumor.
肿瘤的发展可以通过肿瘤微环境（TME）的特征来间接评估，如血红蛋白饱和度（HbSat）、血管扩张和新血管形成。HbSat 值和 TME 的其他特征较高可能表明代谢活性较高，并可能先于血管生成肿瘤的形成；因此，HbSat 谱的变化可用作肿瘤进展的生物标志物。一种评估 HbSat 谱随时间变化并将其与临床前模型中体内肿瘤发展相关联的方法是通过背部皮肤折叠窗室。在本章中，我们提供了一种详细描述这种方法来评估血红蛋白饱和度谱，并预测肿瘤的发展。我们将涵盖小鼠的手术准备、背部窗口室的安装/维护，以及成像处理和评估以预测随时间推移新肿瘤区域的新发展。我们在本章中包括了从原始像素数据获得像素级 HbSat 值的成像处理方法、确定 HbSat 谱的计算方法以及将区域分类为肿瘤和非肿瘤的步骤的分步示例。
