Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Çukurova University, 01330, Adana, Turkey; Demonstration Base for International Science & Technology Cooperation of Sichuan Province, Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China; Department of Plant Breeding & Genetics, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan.
Department of Plant Breeding & Genetics, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan.
Plant Physiol Biochem. 2022 Jan 1;170:1-13. doi: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.11.035. Epub 2021 Nov 23.
Selenium (Se) is a beneficial element, but only when present within its permissible range. Its hyper-accumulation in edible plant parts can cause Se toxicity. This study aimed to develop an agronomic plan for biofortification of rice with Se and reclamation of cadmium (Cd)-contaminated soil, utilizing sodium selenite (NaSeO) and cadmium chloride (CdCl) as soil treatments. Biofortification was performed on two target rice varieties: genotypes 5097A/R2035 and GangYou725, in field trials by applying Cd at a concentration of 0-8 mg kg soil and Se at 0-1 mg kg soil. Since these rice varieties have different metabolic specificity, the degree of elemental accumulation, deviations in chlorophyll concentration, activity of photosynthetic apparatus and grain yield were assessed. It was found that application of 1 mg kg SeO decrease Cd content and increased chlorophyll content and photosynthetic activity while grain yield was unaffected by application of the metallic trace-elements. Comparing effects at different stages, we found that the 50% heading stage was most sensitive to metal application. In sum, Se mitigates Cd toxicity, but hyperaccumulation of Se (4 mg kg) in polished rice was observed with Cd at 4 and 8 mg kg. The elevated level of Cd stress in pot experiments resulted in over-accumulation of Se in the germ and endosperm that poses serious health concerns.
硒（Se）是一种有益的元素，但只有在其允许范围内才是如此。它在可食用植物部分的超积累会导致硒中毒。本研究旨在制定一项农业计划，通过施用亚硒酸钠（NaSeO）和氯化镉（CdCl）作为土壤处理，对两种目标水稻品种进行硒生物强化和镉污染土壤的修复。生物强化在田间试验中对两个目标水稻品种进行：基因型 5097A/R2035 和 GangYou725，通过在土壤中添加 0-8 mg kg 的 Cd 和 0-1 mg kg 的 Se 来进行。由于这些水稻品种具有不同的代谢特异性，因此评估了元素积累程度、叶绿素浓度、光合作用装置的活性和谷物产量的偏差。结果表明，施用 1 mg kg 的 SeO 可降低 Cd 含量，增加叶绿素含量和光合作用活性，而施用金属微量元素对谷物产量没有影响。比较不同阶段的效果，我们发现 50%抽穗期对金属的应用最敏感。总之，硒可以减轻 Cd 的毒性，但在 4 和 8 mg kg 的 Cd 存在下，精米中的 Se （4 mg kg）会发生超积累。盆栽实验中 Cd 胁迫水平的升高导致 Se 在胚和胚乳中的过度积累，这对健康构成了严重威胁。
