新型冠状病毒肺炎与心血管疾病：附带损害？
Coronavirus disease 2019 and cardiovascular diseases: collateral damage?
机构信息
Division of Cardiac Electrophysiology.
Division of Interventional Cardiology, Pauley Heart Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA.
出版信息
Curr Opin Anaesthesiol. 2022 Feb 1;35(1):5-11. doi: 10.1097/ACO.0000000000001076.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
Cardiovascular involvement in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is relatively common and portends an increased risk of morbidity and mortality. Manifestations of myocardial injury may exhibit significant overlap and result in diagnostic uncertainty. This review will summarize recent literature around cardiovascular complications of COVID-19.
RECENT FINDINGS
Venous thromboembolism, atrial fibrillation, and type II myocardial infarction are observed commonly in COVID-19, while severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 viral myocarditis remains quite rare. Although infrequent, COVID-19 vaccination has been associated with myocarditis and pericarditis in young individuals.
SUMMARY
Various forms of COVID-19-related myocardial injury have been associated with increased utilization of mechanical ventilation, hemodynamic deterioration, and mortality. Manifestations of myocardial injury in COVID-19 are varied, but share common drivers of illness including sequelae of sepsis, immune-mediated factors, and a prothrombotic state. Understanding the forms of myocardial injury in COVID-19 may aid in rapid diagnosis and treatment.
目的综述
心血管系统在 2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）中较为常见，预示着发病率和死亡率增加。心肌损伤的表现可能存在显著重叠，导致诊断不确定。本综述将总结 COVID-19 心血管并发症的最新文献。
最近发现
静脉血栓栓塞、心房颤动和 II 型心肌梗死在 COVID-19 中较为常见，而严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2 病毒性心肌炎仍然相当罕见。尽管罕见，但 COVID-19 疫苗接种与年轻人的心包炎和心肌炎有关。
总结
各种形式的 COVID-19 相关心肌损伤与机械通气增加、血流动力学恶化和死亡率增加有关。COVID-19 中的心肌损伤表现多样，但具有共同的发病驱动因素，包括败血症后遗症、免疫介导因素和血栓形成状态。了解 COVID-19 中的心肌损伤形式有助于快速诊断和治疗。
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