Laboratório de Geoquímica Ambiental (LabGAm), Departamento de Oceanografia E Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo - Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil.
Environ Monit Assess. 2021 Nov 27;193(12):846. doi: 10.1007/s10661-021-09639-1.
The aim of this review was to identify the current knowledge regarding the concentration of microplastics in bivalves in the marine, estuarine, and freshwater environments. For this purpose, researches were conducted from September 2020 to February 2021 in the Scopus, Web of Science, and Google scholar databases, following a meticulous selection of articles. To comprehensively understand the selected articles, an extensive review was carried out in order to identify the methodologies employed, sampling sites, species evaluated, characteristics of the microplastics (concentrations, shapes, sizes, and polymers) and their relationship with the concentration of this particles in the environment. A total of 93 articles were selected, with an exponential growth in the number of articles from April 2014 to February 2021. Worldwide, 80 articles were realized in the Northern Hemisphere and thirteen in the Southern Hemisphere. The samplings of organisms were carried out in 36 countries, besides one in Antarctica. The concentration of microplastics were studied in 70 species, with mussels Mytilus spp. and the oysters Crassostrea spp. being the main genus studied. Due to the different methodologies used to digest the tissues of organisms and identify microplastics and species, it is difficult to make comparisons between the results of different studies. In addition, data on the concentrations of microplastics in the environment, as well as their composition and characteristics, are needed, enabling the verification of relationships with the concentrations identified in organisms, which does not occur in most studies. Thus, we suggest an increase in the number of studies to be realized in the southern hemisphere, future studies use the same methodology of digestion, the polymer identification of microplastics and samplings of the surrounding environment, enabling a greater comparison between studies.
本综述的目的是确定目前关于海洋、河口和淡水环境中双壳类动物体内微塑料浓度的知识。为此，从 2020 年 9 月至 2021 年 2 月，我们在 Scopus、Web of Science 和 Google Scholar 数据库中进行了研究，对文章进行了细致的选择。为了全面了解所选文章，我们进行了广泛的综述，以确定所采用的方法、采样地点、评估的物种、微塑料的特征（浓度、形状、大小和聚合物）及其与环境中这些颗粒浓度的关系。共选择了 93 篇文章，自 2014 年 4 月至 2021 年 2 月，文章数量呈指数增长。在全球范围内，80 篇文章在北半球，13 篇在南半球。除南极洲外，还在 36 个国家进行了生物采样。对 70 种物种中的微塑料浓度进行了研究，贻贝类 Mytilus spp.和牡蛎属 Crassostrea spp.是主要的研究属。由于用于消化组织和识别微塑料和物种的方法不同，因此很难对不同研究的结果进行比较。此外，还需要有关环境中微塑料浓度及其组成和特征的数据，以便验证与在生物体中识别的浓度之间的关系，而大多数研究都没有做到这一点。因此，我们建议增加在南半球进行的研究数量，未来的研究使用相同的消化方法、微塑料的聚合物识别和周围环境的采样，以便在研究之间进行更多的比较。
