College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, China.
Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production in Shandong, Taian, 271018, China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2022 Apr;29(17):25263-25275. doi: 10.1007/s11356-021-17740-8. Epub 2021 Nov 28.
Environmental health and food safety issues potentially caused by the dinitroaniline herbicide pendimethalin (PM) are a worldwide concern. The toxicity response of ginger and tissue accumulation effects of PM on ginger biomass were studied by utilizing PM (CK (clean water), PM1 (0.4%), PM2 (0.67%), PM3 (1.0%), and PM4 (1.67%)) in a dose-response study. It significantly reduced the biomass of ginger under PM4, which is attributed to root damage. The net photosynthetic rate of ginger under PM4 was 11.37% lower than that of CK, which is mainly caused by stomatal limitation. In addition, the ultrastructure of chloroplasts has changed. PM4 caused the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in ginger. The activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) increased accordingly, maintaining the dynamic balance of ROS content. PM had no significant effect on the expression of ginger α-tubulin genes. PM was significantly accumulated in ginger roots, but not rhizomes. Si increased the productivity of ginger under PM4, which is mainly related to the increase of root development (root application of silicon) and photosynthetic efficiency (foliar application of silicon). Si reduced the ROS content due to the increase in SOD, POD, and catalase (CAT) activity and photosynthetic efficiency.
环境健康和食品安全问题可能是由二硝基苯胺类除草剂二甲戊灵（PM）引起的，这是一个全球性的关注问题。本研究采用 PM（CK（清水）、PM1（0.4%）、PM2（0.67%）、PM3（1.0%）和 PM4（1.67%））进行剂量反应研究，研究了 PM 对生姜的毒性反应和组织积累效应以及对生姜生物量的影响。PM4 显著降低了生姜的生物量，这归因于根的损伤。PM4 下生姜的净光合速率比 CK 低 11.37%，主要是由气孔限制引起的。此外，叶绿体的超微结构发生了变化。PM4 导致生姜中活性氧（ROS）的积累。超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和过氧化物酶（POD）的活性相应增加，维持了 ROS 含量的动态平衡。PM 对生姜α-微管蛋白基因的表达没有显著影响。PM 主要在生姜根部积累，而不是根茎部。硅显著提高了 PM4 下生姜的生产力，这主要与根发育（硅根施）和光合作用效率（硅叶施）的增加有关。硅通过增加 SOD、POD 和过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性和光合作用效率降低了 ROS 含量。
