Pu J Q, Zhang J W, Chen R M, Maimaiti Mireguli, Luo J S, Chen S K, Wu D, Zhu M, Wang C L, Su Z, Liang Y, Yao H, Wei H Y, Zheng R X, Du H W, Luo F H, Li P, Si S T, Wu W, Huang K, Dong G P, Yu Y X, Fu J F
Department of Endocrinology, the Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou 310053, China.
Department of Pediatrics, Shaoxing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Shaoxing 312000, China.
Zhonghua Er Ke Za Zhi. 2021 Dec 2;59(12):1065-1073. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112140-20210525-00453.
To investigate the status of height and weight of 3-18-year-old children and adolescents in urban China, and to provide a basis for establishing puberty phase specific curves for age-specific height and age-specific weight. A cross-sectional survey of 218 185 children and adolescents aged 3-18 years in urban China was conducted by using the method of stratified random cluster sampling from January 2017 to December 2019. The sampling areas included 12 provinces municipalities in China and autonomous regions in total. Data were collected on weight, height, waist circumference, hip circumference and secondary sexual characteristics. The generalized additive model for location, scale, and shape (GAMLSS) was employed to establish percentile reference values and growth curves of height and weight for boys and girls aged 3-18 years. Wilcoxon rank sum test was applied to compare the P value of height and weight between children of each Tanner stage and children of the same age ignoring the different puberty phase. The 3rd, 50th, and 97th percentile curves for height and weight for age were developed for boys and girls aged 3-18 years. The 3rd, 50th, and 97th percentile curves for age-specific height and age-specific weight for each puberty phase were developed for boys and girls. Compared with all children ignoring the different puberty phase, boys aged 9 and over and girls aged 7 and over who are at Tanner stage 1 showed shorter height and lighter weight than those of the same age group (all <0.01), the difference ranges of height at P are -4.0 to -0.6 cm for boys, and -4.4 to 0.5 cm for girls; the difference ranges of weight are -4.8 to 0.4 kg for boys, and -4.0 to -0.3 kg for girls; children at Tanner stage 2 & 3 initially were taller and heavier than those of the same age group; and later grew shorter and lighter than those of the same age group, the two sets of curves cross over; boys aged 16 and under and girl aged under 14 who are at Tanner stage 4 were taller and heavier than those of the same age group (all <0.01), the difference ranges of height at P are 0.2 to 10.0 cm for boys, and 0.2 to 9.4 cm for girls; the difference ranges of weight at P are 0.7 to 10.9 kg for boys, and 1.0 to 11.2 kg for girls, and the differences showed narrowing trend with age. The puberty phase specific growth curves of age-specific height and age-specific weight for boys and girls aged 3-18 years are established, it is useful for clinical work to evaluate physical development of children at different puberty phases.
为了解中国城市3-18岁儿童青少年的身高和体重状况，为制定青春期各阶段身高和体重的年龄别曲线提供依据。2017年1月至2019年12月，采用分层随机整群抽样方法，对中国城市218185名3-18岁儿童青少年进行了横断面调查。抽样地区共包括中国12个省、直辖市和自治区。收集了体重、身高、腰围、臀围和第二性征的数据。采用位置、尺度和形状的广义相加模型（GAMLSS）建立3-18岁男孩和女孩身高和体重的百分位数参考值及生长曲线。应用Wilcoxon秩和检验比较各Tanner分期儿童与同年龄但不考虑青春期阶段差异儿童的身高和体重P值。绘制了3-18岁男孩和女孩身高和体重的第3、50和97百分位数曲线。分别绘制了男孩和女孩各青春期阶段身高别和体重别第3、50和97百分位数曲线。与不考虑青春期阶段差异的所有儿童相比，处于Tanner 1期的9岁及以上男孩和7岁及以上女孩的身高和体重低于同年龄组（均P<0.01），男孩身高P值差异范围为-4.0至-0.6cm，女孩为-4.4至0.5cm；男孩体重差异范围为-4.8至0.4kg，女孩为-4.0至-0.3kg；处于Tanner 2期和3期的儿童最初高于和重于同年龄组儿童，随后低于和轻于同年龄组儿童，两组曲线交叉；处于Tanner 4期的16岁及以下男孩和14岁及以下女孩高于和重于同年龄组（均P<0.01），男孩身高P值差异范围为0.2至10.0cm，女孩为0.2至9.4cm；男孩体重P值差异范围为0.7至10.9kg，女孩为1.0至11.2kg，且差异随年龄呈缩小趋势。建立了3-18岁男孩和女孩身高别和体重别青春期阶段特异性生长曲线，有助于临床评估不同青春期阶段儿童的体格发育情况。
