Departamento de Biología Celular y Fisiología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico City 04510, Mexico.
Undergraduate Program on Genomic Sciences, Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62210, Mexico.
Biol Open. 2021 Nov 15;10(11). doi: 10.1242/bio.058760. Epub 2021 Nov 29.
Tissues build complex structures like lumens and microvilli to carry out their functions. Most of the mechanisms used to build these structures rely on cells remodelling their apical plasma membranes, which ultimately constitute the specialised compartments. In addition to apical remodelling, these shape changes also depend on the proper attachment of the basal plasma membrane to the extracellular matrix (ECM). The ECM provides cues to establish apicobasal polarity, and it also transduces forces that allow apical remodelling. However, physical crosstalk mechanisms between basal ECM attachment and the apical plasma membrane remain understudied, and the ones described so far are very diverse, which highlights the importance of identifying the general principles. Here, we review apicobasal crosstalk of two well-established models of membrane remodelling taking place during Drosophila melanogaster embryogenesis: amnioserosa cell shape oscillations during dorsal closure and subcellular tube formation in tracheal cells. We discuss how anchoring to the basal ECM affects apical architecture and the mechanisms that mediate these interactions. We analyse this knowledge under the scope of other morphogenetic processes and discuss what aspects of apicobasal crosstalk may represent widespread phenomena and which ones are used to build subsets of specialised compartments.
组织构建复杂的结构,如腔和微绒毛,以执行其功能。构建这些结构所使用的大多数机制依赖于细胞重塑它们的顶质膜,而顶质膜最终构成了专门的隔室。除了顶质膜重塑,这些形状变化还取决于基底质膜与细胞外基质(ECM)的正确附着。ECM 提供建立顶端 - 基底极性的线索,它还传递允许顶端重塑的力。然而,基底 ECM 附着和顶质膜之间的物理串扰机制仍未得到充分研究,迄今为止描述的机制非常多样化,这突出了确定一般原则的重要性。在这里,我们回顾了在果蝇胚胎发生过程中发生的两种成熟的膜重塑模型的顶端 - 基底串扰:背侧闭合过程中羊膜细胞的形状振荡和气管细胞中亚细胞管的形成。我们讨论了基底 ECM 的附着如何影响顶质膜的结构以及介导这些相互作用的机制。我们在其他形态发生过程的范围内分析这些知识,并讨论顶端 - 基底串扰的哪些方面可能代表普遍现象,以及哪些方面用于构建专门隔室的子集。