Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
PLoS One. 2021 Nov 29;16(11):e0260109. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0260109. eCollection 2021.
Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease (ASCVD) is an emerging problem among People living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). The current study aimed at determining the risk of ASCVD among PLWHA using the Pooled Cohort Equation (PCE) and the Framingham Risk score (FRS).
A hospital-based study was carried out from January 2019 to February 2020 in PLWHA. The prevalence of ASCVD risk was determined in individuals aged between 20 to 79 and 40 to 79 years using the FRS and PCE as appropriate. Chi-square, univariate and multivariate logistic regressions were employed for analysis.
The prevalence of high-risk ASCVD for subjects aged 20 and above using both tools was 11.5 %. For those aged 40 to 79 years, PCE yielded an increased risk (28%) than FRS (17.7%). Using both tools; advanced age, male gender, smoking, and increased systolic blood pressure were associated with an increased risk of ASCVD. Younger age (adjusted odds ratio, AOR) 0.20, 95%CI: 0.004, 0.091; P< 0.001), lower systolic blood pressure (AOR 0.221, 95%CI: 0.074, 0.605 P< 0.004), and lower total cholesterol (AOR 0.270, 95%CI: 0.073, 0.997; p<0.049) were found to be independent predictors of reduced risk of ASCVD. Likewise, younger age (40 to 64 years), female gender, and lower systolic blood pressure were significantly associated with lower risk of ASCVD among patients aged 40 to 79 years using both PCE and FRS.
A considerable number of PLWHA have been identified to be at risk for ASCVD. ASCVD risk was significantly associated with advanced age, male gender, higher blood pressure, and smoking using both FRS and PCE. These factors should therefore be taken into account for designing management strategies.
动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病（ASCVD）是艾滋病毒/艾滋病（PLWHA）患者中出现的一个新问题。本研究旨在使用 Pooled Cohort Equation（PCE）和 Framingham Risk score（FRS）来确定 PLWHA 发生 ASCVD 的风险。
这是一项 2019 年 1 月至 2020 年 2 月在 PLWHA 中进行的基于医院的研究。使用 FRS 和 PCE 分别确定年龄在 20 至 79 岁和 40 至 79 岁之间个体的 ASCVD 风险患病率。采用卡方检验、单变量和多变量逻辑回归进行分析。
两种工具都显示，年龄在 20 岁及以上的患者中，高危 ASCVD 的患病率为 11.5%。对于年龄在 40 至 79 岁的患者，PCE 比 FRS （28%比 17.7%）产生的风险更高。使用两种工具；年龄较大、男性、吸烟和收缩压升高与 ASCVD 风险增加相关。年龄较小（调整后的优势比，AOR）0.20，95%CI：0.004，0.091；P<0.001）、较低的收缩压（AOR 0.221，95%CI：0.074，0.605 P<0.004）和较低的总胆固醇（AOR 0.270，95%CI：0.073，0.997；p<0.049）被发现是 ASCVD 风险降低的独立预测因素。同样，在年龄在 40 至 79 岁的患者中，使用 PCE 和 FRS 时，年龄较小（40 至 64 岁）、女性和较低的收缩压与 ASCVD 风险较低显著相关。
相当数量的 PLWHA 被确定存在 ASCVD 风险。ASCVD 风险与 FRS 和 PCE 中的年龄较大、男性、较高的血压和吸烟显著相关。因此，在制定管理策略时应考虑这些因素。
