Centro de Investigación en Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City, Mexico.
Centro de Investigación en Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City, Mexico.
Nutrition. 2022 Feb;94:111515. doi: 10.1016/j.nut.2021.111515. Epub 2021 Oct 14.
Normal weight obesity (NWO) is defined as a condition of normal body weight, but with high body fat percentage. Clinical and immunologic implications of NWO in persons living with HIV (PLHIV) remain unknown. The aim of this study was to examine NWO prevalence and its associations with metabolic and immunologic measurements in a cohort of PLHIV on antiretroviral treatment (ART).
We enrolled 73 adult PLHIV on ART. Body composition was assessed by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. NWO was defined as body mass index 18.5 to 24.9 kg/m and body fat ≥25%. We determined triacylglycerols, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, blood glucose, blood pressure, bone mineral density, inflammatory cytokines (interleukin [IL]-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α and IL-6) and CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell activation.
The prevalence of NWO was 49% (36 of 73). Participants with NWO showed lower CD4+ T-cell percentage (25 versus 27%, P = 0.03), lower CD4/CD8 ratio (0.62 versus 0.82, P = 0.02), lower muscle mass (6.84 versus 7.11 kg/m, P = 0.01) and higher prevalence of hypercholesterolemia (26% versus 6%, P = 0.03) than individuals with normal body composition. No differences in inflammation/activation markers were observed between groups (P > 0.05 in all cases).
NWO was frequent in a cohort of Mexican PLHIV on ART and was associated with lower muscle mass, hypercholesterolemia, lower CD4+ T-cell percentage, and lower CD4/CD8 ratio. The incorporation of body fat measurements in the regular physical examination of PLHIV could contribute to early identification of the NWO condition and lead to better management of possible long-term morbidity.
正常体重肥胖（NWO）被定义为体重正常但体脂百分比高的一种状态。NWO 在感染人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）的人群（PLHIV）中的临床和免疫学意义尚不清楚。本研究旨在检查 NWO 在接受抗逆转录病毒治疗（ART）的 PLHIV 队列中的患病率及其与代谢和免疫测量的关系。
我们招募了 73 名接受 ART 的成年 PLHIV。通过双能 X 射线吸收法评估身体成分。NWO 定义为体重指数 18.5 至 24.9kg/m2 且体脂≥25%。我们测定了三酰甘油、总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白、低密度脂蛋白、血糖、血压、骨矿物质密度、炎症细胞因子（白细胞介素 [IL]-1β、肿瘤坏死因子-α 和 IL-6）和 CD4+和 CD8+T 细胞活化。
NWO 的患病率为 49%（73 例中有 36 例）。NWO 患者的 CD4+T 细胞百分比较低（25%比 27%，P=0.03），CD4/CD8 比值较低（0.62 比 0.82，P=0.02），肌肉量较低（6.84 比 7.11kg/m2，P=0.01），高胆固醇血症的患病率较高（26%比 6%，P=0.03）。两组间炎症/激活标志物无差异（所有情况下 P>0.05）。
在接受 ART 的墨西哥 PLHIV 队列中，NWO 很常见，与肌肉量减少、高胆固醇血症、CD4+T 细胞百分比降低和 CD4/CD8 比值降低有关。在 PLHIV 的常规体格检查中纳入体脂测量结果可能有助于早期识别 NWO 状况，并有助于更好地管理可能的长期发病率。
