Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.
Department of Clinical Medicine, Qinnan Medical College for Nationalities, Qiannan, China.
Gerontology. 2022;68(7):799-807. doi: 10.1159/000520081. Epub 2021 Nov 29.
Early identification of risk factors for cognition decline may contribute to the interventions for Alzheimer's disease. Obesity is a common modifiable risk factor for chronic diseases. The association between obesity and cognition in older adults is limited, and sex differences in this area have not been well recognized.
The aim of the study was to observe the sex differences in the relationship between obesity and cognition in a rural community-dwelling older population of Guizhou, China.
Data were gathered from the baseline survey of a cohort study of older people in rural areas of Guizhou, China. Demographic and behavioral data (sex, age, education, household income, smoking history, drinking history, history of head injury, diet, and level of physical exercise time) were collected. The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) was used to assess cognitive function. Body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC), and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) were used as different measures of obesity. Comparisons between the groups were made by the Wilcoxon rank-sum test or Kruskal-Wallis H test. Restricted cubic spline regression was used to examine a dose-response relationship between obesity indicators and cognitive function. Linear relationships were performed by the multivariable linear regression model.
A total of 1,654 participants including 964 women and 690 men were enrolled in this study. After adjustment, BMI showed a nonlinear relationship with MMSE scores in women. There was a significant trend toward increasing MMSE scores at the low end of BMI (13.52-20.10 kg/m2, p = 0.014). The multivariable linear regression model showed that MMSE increased by 0.631 (p < 0.001) for every one standard deviation increase in HC in women. No association was found between obesity parameters and cognitive function in men.
Our results suggest that there are significant sex differences in some obesity parameters and cognition in an older Chinese population. BMI and HC are positively associated with cognitive function in women. No association was found between obesity measures and cognitive function in men.
早期识别认知能力下降的风险因素可能有助于对阿尔茨海默病的干预。肥胖是慢性疾病的常见可改变危险因素。肥胖与老年人认知能力之间的关系有限，并且该领域的性别差异尚未得到充分认识。
本研究旨在观察中国贵州农村社区居住的老年人群中肥胖与认知之间的关系的性别差异。
数据来自中国贵州农村地区老年人队列研究的基线调查。收集了人口统计学和行为学数据（性别、年龄、教育程度、家庭收入、吸烟史、饮酒史、头部受伤史、饮食和身体锻炼时间水平）。使用简易精神状态检查（MMSE）评估认知功能。体重指数（BMI）、腰围（WC）、臀围（HC）和腰臀比（WHR）被用作肥胖的不同衡量指标。使用 Wilcoxon 秩和检验或 Kruskal-Wallis H 检验对组间进行比较。使用受限立方样条回归检验肥胖指标与认知功能之间的剂量反应关系。通过多变量线性回归模型进行线性关系。
本研究共纳入 1654 名参与者，包括 964 名女性和 690 名男性。调整后，BMI 与女性 MMSE 评分呈非线性关系。在 BMI 的低范围（13.52-20.10 kg/m2，p = 0.014），MMSE 评分呈显著上升趋势。多变量线性回归模型显示，女性 HC 每增加一个标准差，MMSE 增加 0.631（p < 0.001）。在男性中，肥胖参数与认知功能之间没有关联。
我们的研究结果表明，在中国老年人群中，某些肥胖参数和认知能力存在显著的性别差异。BMI 和 HC 与女性的认知功能呈正相关。在男性中，肥胖测量值与认知功能之间没有关联。
