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疫苗抗体:Fc 抗体工程改造以提高抗病毒抗体反应并诱导类疫苗效应。

Vaccinal antibodies: Fc antibody engineering to improve the antiviral antibody response and induce vaccine-like effects.

机构信息

Pharmacy Department, Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia.

出版信息

Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2021 Dec 2;17(12):5532-5545. doi: 10.1080/21645515.2021.1985891. Epub 2021 Nov 29.

Abstract

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic highlights the urgent clinical need for efficient virus therapies and vaccines. Although the functional importance of antibodies is indisputable in viral infections, there are still significant unmet needs that require vast improvements in antibody-based therapeutics. The IgG Fc domain can be engineered to produce antibodies with tailored and potent responses that will meet these clinical demands. Engaging Fc receptors (FcRs) to perform effector functions as cytotoxicity, phagocytosis, complement activation, intracellular neutralization and controlling antibody persistence. Furthermore, it produces vaccine-like effects by activating signals to stimulate T-cell responses, have proven to be required for protection, as neutralization alone does not off the full protection capacity of antibodies. This review highlights antiviral Fc functions and FcRs' contributions in linking innate and adaptive immunity against viral threats. Moreover, it provides the latest Fc engineering strategies to improve the safety and efficacy of human antiviral antibodies and vaccines.

摘要

2019 年冠状病毒病(COVID-19)大流行凸显了高效病毒疗法和疫苗的迫切临床需求。尽管抗体在病毒感染中的功能至关重要,但仍存在重大的未满足需求,需要在基于抗体的治疗方法上取得巨大进展。IgG Fc 结构域可进行工程改造,产生具有针对性和强大反应的抗体,以满足这些临床需求。通过与 Fc 受体(FcR)结合来发挥细胞毒性、吞噬作用、补体激活、细胞内中和和控制抗体持久性等效应功能。此外,通过激活刺激 T 细胞反应的信号产生疫苗样效应,已被证明是必需的,因为仅中和并不能提供抗体的全部保护能力。这篇综述强调了抗病毒 Fc 功能和 FcR 在连接先天和适应性免疫以抵抗病毒威胁方面的作用。此外,它还提供了最新的 Fc 工程策略,以提高人类抗病毒抗体和疫苗的安全性和疗效。

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