暗蛋白质组学：从非规范开放阅读框的翻译。
The dark proteome: translation from noncanonical open reading frames.
机构信息
Laboratory of Functional Genomics and Translational Control, Cecil H. and Ida Green Center for Reproductive Biology Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
出版信息
Trends Cell Biol. 2022 Mar;32(3):243-258. doi: 10.1016/j.tcb.2021.10.010. Epub 2021 Nov 26.
Omics-based technologies have revolutionized our understanding of the coding potential of the genome. In particular, these studies revealed widespread unannotated open reading frames (ORFs) throughout genomes and that these regions have the potential to encode novel functional (micro-)proteins and/or hold regulatory roles. However, despite their genomic prevalence, relatively few of these noncanonical ORFs have been functionally characterized, likely in part due to their under-recognition by the broader scientific community. The few that have been investigated in detail have demonstrated their essentiality in critical and divergent biological processes. As such, here we aim to discuss recent advances in understanding the diversity of noncanonical ORFs and their roles, as well as detail biologically important examples within the context of the mammalian genome.
基于组学的技术彻底改变了我们对基因组编码潜力的理解。特别是，这些研究揭示了整个基因组中广泛存在未注释的开放阅读框（ORF），并且这些区域有可能编码新的功能（微）蛋白和/或发挥调节作用。然而，尽管它们在基因组中普遍存在，但这些非典型 ORF 中只有很少一部分具有功能特征，这可能部分归因于科学界对它们的识别不足。少数经过详细研究的 ORF 已经证明了它们在关键和不同的生物过程中的重要性。因此，在这里，我们旨在讨论理解非典型 ORF 的多样性及其作用的最新进展，并详细介绍哺乳动物基因组中具有生物学意义的重要例子。
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