Gimunová Marta, Skotáková Alena, Grün Vojtěch, Jenčíková Kateřina, Daněk Leoš, Hlinský Tomáš, Svobodová Lenka, Kalichová Miriam, Válková Hana
Faculty of Sports Studies, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.
Acta Bioeng Biomech. 2020;22(4):133-138.
The purpose of this study was to analyse differences in postural stability between athletes with ID competing in Alpine and Cross country (XC) skiing to assess the effect of special sports training on postural stability in persons with ID.
Athletes with ID were divided into four groups by their discipline: Alpine skiers (n = 9), XC skiers 2.5 to 10 km (n = 10), XC skiers 500 to 1000 m (n = 18) and XC skiers 50 and 100 m (n = 10). All participants were asked to stand barefooted on the Zebris FDM platform (Medical GmbH, Germany) with their eyes open and closed. To compare differences between groups one-way ANOVA with Tukey HSD test was used. To compare the difference between the eyes open and closed, t-test was used.
Statistical analysis showed no significant differences between Alpine and XC skiers in analysed variables. The analysis of COP velocity showed superior postural stability in XC skiers 2.5 to 10 km compared to XC skiers 500 and 1000 m. In XC skiers 500 and 1000 m, XC skiers 2.5 to 10 km and Alpine skiers a significant increase in COP velocity was observed when having the eyes closed. In XC skiers 50 and 100 m, no statistically significant differences between the eyes open and closed conditions were observed.
Despite different sports training, no difference between Alpine and XC skiers in postural stability was observed. When comparing XC skiers, better postural stability was observed in skiers running longer distances, suggesting that this sports training enhances balance skills needed in everyday life.
本研究旨在分析参加高山滑雪和越野滑雪的智障运动员在姿势稳定性方面的差异，以评估特殊体育训练对智障人士姿势稳定性的影响。
将智障运动员按其参赛项目分为四组：高山滑雪运动员（n = 9）、2.5至10公里越野滑雪运动员（n = 10）、500至1000米越野滑雪运动员（n = 18）以及50和100米越野滑雪运动员（n = 10）。要求所有参与者睁眼和闭眼时赤脚站在Zebris FDM平台（德国Medical GmbH公司）上。为比较组间差异，使用了带有Tukey HSD检验的单因素方差分析。为比较睁眼和闭眼之间的差异，使用了t检验。
统计分析表明，高山滑雪运动员和越野滑雪运动员在分析变量上无显著差异。对COP速度的分析显示，2.5至10公里的越野滑雪运动员比500和1000米的越野滑雪运动员具有更好的姿势稳定性。在500和1000米的越野滑雪运动员、2.5至10公里的越野滑雪运动员以及高山滑雪运动员中，闭眼时观察到COP速度显著增加。在50和100米的越野滑雪运动员中，睁眼和闭眼条件之间未观察到统计学上的显著差异。
尽管进行了不同的体育训练，但未观察到高山滑雪运动员和越野滑雪运动员在姿势稳定性上的差异。比较越野滑雪运动员时，发现距离较长的滑雪者姿势稳定性更好，这表明这种体育训练增强了日常生活所需的平衡技能。
