IPPORA Plastic Surgery, Hwaseong-si, Korea.
Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Soonchunhyang University, College of Medicine, Bucheon-si, Korea.
J Cosmet Dermatol. 2022 Jul;21(7):2774-2782. doi: 10.1111/jocd.14587. Epub 2021 Nov 30.
One of the most frequently performed anti-aging surgical procedures is thread facelift. Since the 2010s, thread lifts using absorbable polydioxanone (PDO) thread were developed and have become increasingly popular. This research aims to identify the changes in and the mechanisms of absorbable thread-lifting components, namely, PDO (polydioxanone) and PCL (polycaprolactone), with varied absorption periods in the body.
Four different types of threads, namely, single-stranded thread, 4-stranded thread, 12-stranded thread, and barbed Cog thread, were used for each component. Histological changes in the thread and neighboring tissue of rat model were investigated for 2-week interval, and PCR was conducted for genes related to fibroblast proliferation including type 1α1 collagen, type 3α1 collagen, transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1).
An increase in the collagen formation in all types of PDO and PCL groups was observed during the first 12 weeks and decreased afterward. Collagen formation decreased later in the PCL thread group significantly than the POD group. PCL thread remained logner in the tissue for over a year regarding POD requiring around 24 weeks of absorption-degradation. A larger surface area between the thread and the tissue induces a greater response in the tissue, resulting in an increase in inflammatory cells, myofibroblasts, and fibroblasts. Results showed a similar pattern of increase in type 1α1 collagen and TGF-β in the PDO thread group. This suggests that TGF-β signal transduction leads to fibroblast proliferation that stimulates collagen formation and tissue re-formation. In contrast, only type 3α1 collagen increased in the PCL thread group.
More collagen formation and tissue responses are induced by PCL thread, remaining longer in the tissue than PDO, leading to more tissue tightening effects that is one of the most important points of face lifting. Morphological comparison of threads shows that not only an increase in surface area between thread and tissue but also multi-strand increase tissue response, which in turn increases tissue maintenance effects.
最常进行的抗衰老手术之一是线雕。自 21 世纪 10 年代以来，使用可吸收聚对二氧环己酮（PDO）线的线雕得到了发展，并变得越来越流行。本研究旨在确定体内不同吸收期的可吸收线提升成分，即 PDO（聚对二氧环己酮）和 PCL（聚己内酯）的线体及周围组织的变化和机制。
每种成分分别使用单股线、四股线、十二股线和带倒刺的 Cog 线这四种不同类型的线。在 2 周的间隔时间内，对大鼠模型中线和周围组织的组织学变化进行了研究，并对与成纤维细胞增殖相关的基因（包括 1 型α1 胶原、3 型α1 胶原、转化生长因子β 1（TGF-β1）进行了 PCR 检测。
在最初的 12 周内，所有 PDO 和 PCL 组的胶原形成都增加，之后减少。PCL 线组的胶原形成减少的时间明显晚于 POD 组。PCL 线在组织中停留的时间超过一年，而 POD 需要大约 24 周的吸收-降解。线与组织之间更大的表面积会引起更大的组织反应，导致炎症细胞、肌成纤维细胞和成纤维细胞增多。结果显示，PDO 线组 1 型α1 胶原和 TGF-β 的增加模式相似。这表明 TGF-β 信号转导导致成纤维细胞增殖，刺激胶原形成和组织重塑。相比之下，只有 PCL 线组的 3 型α1 胶原增加。
PCL 线引起更多的胶原形成和组织反应，在组织中停留时间比 PDO 长，从而产生更持久的组织收紧效果，这是线雕最重要的一点之一。对线的形态学比较表明，不仅线与组织之间的表面积增加，而且多股线增加了组织反应，从而增加了组织维持效果。
