Ezo Elias, Gashawbeza Biruk
Department of Comprehensive Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wachemo University, Hosanna, Ethiopia.
Department of Public Health, Paramed College, Arba Minch, Ethiopia.
Adolesc Health Med Ther. 2021 Nov 20;12:99-110. doi: 10.2147/AHMT.S339671. eCollection 2021.
The condition of being overweight is the abnormal excessive accumulation of fat in the body. Globally, it is a serious public health issue in both developing and developed countries.
This study aims to identify determinants of overweight among primary school children in Arba Minch town, Southern Ethiopia, 2021.
A school-based unmatched case control study was conducted from June 20 to 30, 2021. The total sample size was 285 (95 cases and 190 controls). Multistage sampling technique was used. Data were entered using Epi data 3.1 version and analyzed using SPSS version 24 software. Frequency, tables and figures were used. Bivariable analysis was done and variables with p <0.025 were entered to multivariable logistic regression analysis. Statistical significance was declared at p <0.05 with 95% confidence interval (CI).
The odds of overweight increased 19.8 times more in children whose fathers work in private business [AOR: 19.82, 95% CI: 6.21, 63.25], increased 4.8 times more in children who consume meat on more than 2 days per week [AOR: 4.75, 95% CI: 1.61, 14.03], increased 5 times more in children who consume milk on more than 2 days per week [AOR: 5.02, 95% CI: 1.80, 13.98], increased 11.9 times more in children who spend more than 6 hours sitting per day [AOR: 11.89, 95% CI: 4.13, 34.28]. And also, odds decreased by 84% in children who consume fruit on more than 2 days per week [AOR: 0.07, 95% CI: 0.03, 0.19], decreased 93% in children who consume vegetables on more than 2 days per week [AOR: 0.16, 95% CI: 0.06, 0.42], decreased 67% in children who consume cereals on more than 2 days per week [AOR: 0.33, 95% CI: 0.13, 0.84].
Fathers working in private business, consuming fruit, vegetables, cereals, meat and milk on more than 2 days per week and sitting for more than 6 hours per day were determinants for overweight in this study. Therefore, it is better to include fruit, vegetables and cereals in dietary habits, decrease consumption of meat and milk and minimize sitting to less than 6 hours per day including school learning time.
超重是指体内脂肪异常过度堆积。在全球范围内，这在发展中国家和发达国家都是一个严重的公共卫生问题。
本研究旨在确定2021年埃塞俄比亚南部阿尔巴明奇镇小学生超重的决定因素。
2021年6月20日至30日进行了一项基于学校的非匹配病例对照研究。总样本量为285例（95例病例和190例对照）。采用多阶段抽样技术。数据使用Epi data 3.1版本录入，并使用SPSS 24版软件进行分析。使用了频率、表格和图表。进行了双变量分析，p<0.025的变量进入多变量逻辑回归分析。以p<0.05和95%置信区间（CI）宣布具有统计学意义。
父亲从事私营企业工作的儿童超重几率增加19.8倍[AOR：19.82，95%CI：6.21，63.25]；每周吃肉超过2天的儿童超重几率增加4.8倍[AOR：4.75，95%CI：1.61，14.03]；每周喝牛奶超过2天的儿童超重几率增加5倍[AOR：5.02，95%CI：1.80，13.98]；每天久坐超过6小时的儿童超重几率增加11.9倍[AOR：11.89，95%CI：4.13，34.28]。此外，每周吃水果超过2天的儿童超重几率降低84%[AOR：0.07，95%CI：0.03，0.19]；每周吃蔬菜超过2天的儿童超重几率降低93%[AOR：0.16，95%CI：0.06，0.42]；每周吃谷物超过2天的儿童超重几率降低67%[AOR：0.33，95%CI：0.13，0.84]。
在本研究中，父亲从事私营企业工作、每周吃水果、蔬菜、谷物、肉类和牛奶超过2天以及每天久坐超过6小时是超重的决定因素。因此，最好在饮食习惯中增加水果、蔬菜和谷物的摄入，减少肉类和牛奶的消费，并将包括学校学习时间在内的每日久坐时间降至6小时以内。
