Zhang Min, Kim Rokho
School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 9 Dongdan San Tiao, Beijing 100730, China.
Science Division, World Health Organization, 20 Appia Avenue, Geneva 1211, Switzerland.
Glob Health J. 2021 Dec;5(4):215-219. doi: 10.1016/j.glohj.2021.11.007. Epub 2021 Nov 25.
Health workers (HW) are on the frontline fighting against the COVID-19 pandemic, they are exposed to multiple occupational hazards. This article analyzed the comprehensive measures of protecting HWs during the COVID-19 response in China. Occupational health protection of HWs was one of the key strategies of the public health measures adopted against the COVID-19 outbreak from the earliest stage in China. This prioritization of HWs health protection was based on the technical and policy guidance of WHO and International Labor Organization as well as the experiences from previous outbreaks in China. The comprehensive measures in China can be summarized as '6P-approach': public health emergency response, prompt learning from lessons, proactive measures of occupational health, precaution strategies against occupational hazards, personal protective equipment and medical devices supply, and professional networking. Through this 6P-approach, China was able to minimize the incidence of COVID-19 infection among HWs, while successfully containing the outbreak during the first quarter of 2020. Although the COVID-19 vaccines have been rolled out, however, the COVID-19 pandemic is still under rapidly evolving situation. Experiences from China may provide other countries with an example of prioritizing and incorporating occupational health protection of HWs in their public health measures responding to the COVID-19 pandemic.
卫生工作者处于抗击新冠疫情的第一线,面临多种职业危害。本文分析了中国在应对新冠疫情期间保护卫生工作者的综合措施。保护卫生工作者的职业健康是中国从疫情最早期就采取的公共卫生措施的关键策略之一。对卫生工作者健康保护的这一优先安排是基于世界卫生组织和国际劳工组织的技术及政策指导以及中国以往疫情的经验。中国的综合措施可概括为“6P方法”:公共卫生应急响应、及时吸取教训、职业健康的积极措施、针对职业危害的预防策略、个人防护装备和医疗设备供应以及专业网络建设。通过这种6P方法,中国得以将卫生工作者中新冠感染的发生率降至最低,同时在2020年第一季度成功控制了疫情。尽管新冠疫苗已经推出,然而,新冠疫情仍处于快速演变的形势。中国的经验可为其他国家在其应对新冠疫情的公共卫生措施中优先考虑并纳入保护卫生工作者职业健康提供范例。