Walker P C, Helms R A, Wall H P, Jabbour J T
J Clin Pharmacol. 1986 Feb;26(2):106-10. doi: 10.1002/j.1552-4604.1986.tb02916.x.
Aspirin and acetaminophen are the most widely used antipyretics in pediatrics. Most clinicians believe the drugs to be equally effective, though clinical opinion often suggests that aspirin is more effective at higher temperatures. Fifty-nine outpatients (age range, 2-8 years), presenting with rectal temperatures of 38.8 to 40.5 degrees C, were enrolled in this double-blind trial. The children were stratified by weight and initial temperature. One dose of chewable aspirin or acetaminophen (10-15 mg/kg based on current recommendations for weight) was administered, and rectal temperatures were monitored for three hours. Of the 59 patients enrolled, 46 successfully completed the protocol. Both drugs significantly reduced temperatures in the groups studied. Age did not influence the response of the children to the antipyretic effects of either drug. Aspirin and acetaminophen appeared equally effective when initial temperatures were between 38.8 and 39.9 degrees C. However, when the initial temperature was between 40.0 and 40.5 degrees C, the duration of effect of acetaminophen was shorter than that for aspirin. This suggests that therapeutic differences in the antipyretic activities of aspirin and acetaminophen may exist at higher temperatures.
阿司匹林和对乙酰氨基酚是儿科中使用最广泛的退烧药。大多数临床医生认为这两种药物同样有效，不过临床观点通常表明阿司匹林在较高体温时效果更佳。59名门诊患儿（年龄范围2至8岁），直肠温度在38.8至40.5摄氏度之间，被纳入了这项双盲试验。这些儿童按体重和初始体温进行分层。给予一剂咀嚼片形式的阿司匹林或对乙酰氨基酚（根据当前体重推荐剂量为10 - 15毫克/千克），并监测直肠温度三小时。在纳入的59名患者中，46名成功完成了方案。两种药物在研究组中均显著降低了体温。年龄并未影响儿童对这两种药物退烧效果的反应。当初始体温在38.8至39.9摄氏度之间时，阿司匹林和对乙酰氨基酚似乎效果相同。然而，当初始体温在40.0至40.5摄氏度之间时，对乙酰氨基酚的作用持续时间比阿司匹林短。这表明在较高体温时，阿司匹林和对乙酰氨基酚的退烧活性可能存在治疗差异。
