Departamento de Genética del Desarrollo y Fisiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Apdo. Postal 510-3, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México62210.
Zygote. 2022 Jun;30(3):398-409. doi: 10.1017/S0967199421000915. Epub 2021 Dec 2.
Fertilization, a crucial event for species preservation, in sea urchins, as in many other organisms, requires sperm motility regulation. In Strongylocentrotus purpuratus sea urchins, speract, a sperm chemoattractant component released to seawater from the outer egg layer, attracts sperm after binding to its receptor in the sperm flagellum. Previous experiments performed in demembranated sperm indicated that motility regulation in these cells involved protein phosphorylation mainly due to the cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA). However, little information is known about the involvement of protein kinase C (PKC) in this process. In this work, using intact S. purpuratus sea urchin sperm, we show that: (i) the levels of both phosphorylated PKA (PKA substrates) and PKC (PKC substrates) substrates change between immotile, motile and speract-stimulated sperm, and (ii) the non-competitive PKA (H89) and PKC (chelerythrine) inhibitors diminish the circular velocity of sperm and alter the phosphorylation levels of PKA substrates and PKC substrates, while the competitive inhibitors Rp-cAMP and bisindolylmaleimide (BIM) do not. Altogether, our results show that both PKA and PKC participate in sperm motility regulation through a crosstalk in the signalling pathway. These results contribute to a better understanding of the mechanisms that govern motility in sea urchin sperm.
受精是物种保存的关键事件,在海胆中,与许多其他生物一样,需要调节精子的运动。在紫海胆中,精子趋化因子是一种从卵外膜释放到海水中的精子化学引诱剂成分,与精子鞭毛中的受体结合后吸引精子。在去膜精子中进行的先前实验表明,这些细胞中的运动调节主要涉及蛋白磷酸化,主要是由于 cAMP 依赖性蛋白激酶(PKA)。然而,关于蛋白激酶 C(PKC)在此过程中的参与,知之甚少。在这项工作中,我们使用完整的紫海胆精子表明:(i)无动力、动力和精子趋化因子刺激的精子之间磷酸化 PKA(PKA 底物)和 PKC(PKC 底物)的水平发生变化,(ii)非竞争性 PKA(H89)和 PKC(石杉碱甲)抑制剂降低了精子的圆周速度并改变了 PKA 底物和 PKC 底物的磷酸化水平,而竞争性抑制剂 Rp-cAMP 和双吲哚马来酰亚胺(BIM)则没有。总之,我们的结果表明,PKA 和 PKC 都通过信号通路中的串扰参与精子运动调节。这些结果有助于更好地理解控制海胆精子运动的机制。
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