Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada.
Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
Child Adolesc Ment Health. 2022 Nov;27(4):369-377. doi: 10.1111/camh.12526. Epub 2021 Dec 1.
Depression and anxiety disorders are considered to be among the greatest burdens of disease in children and adolescents. Recent literature has reported music therapy to be a safe and potentially effective intervention for the treatment of depression and anxiety. This systematic review examined the effectiveness of music therapy in reducing the symptom severity of depression and/or anxiety among children and adolescents.
Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were obtained from a systematic search of nine major English databases from inception to January 2021. Studies were categorized by outcome, music therapy technique and follow-up period.
Seven RCTs (n = 589) were included. Four RCTs had some concern of bias, while three had high risk of bias. Statistical pooling was not appropriate due to clinical heterogeneity. Four studies (n = 428) favoured music therapy for improvement of depressive symptoms at short- and intermediate-term follow-ups compared to control. One study (n = 106) favoured music therapy for improvement of anxiety symptoms at short-term follow-up compared to control. No studies favoured any control over music therapy for symptom improvement of depression and/or anxiety.
Limited evidence suggests music therapy is an effective treatment for improving depression and/or anxiety symptom severity in children and adolescents. More high-quality RCTs are needed to address methodological flaws of current studies.
抑郁和焦虑障碍被认为是儿童和青少年最大的疾病负担之一。最近的文献报道音乐治疗是一种安全且潜在有效的治疗抑郁和焦虑的干预措施。本系统评价旨在研究音乐治疗对降低儿童和青少年抑郁和/或焦虑症状严重程度的有效性。
从 2021 年 1 月之前的 9 个主要英文数据库中系统检索随机对照试验（RCT）。研究按结果、音乐治疗技术和随访时间进行分类。
共纳入 7 项 RCT（n=589）。其中 4 项 RCT 存在一定的偏倚风险，而 3 项 RCT 存在高偏倚风险。由于临床异质性，不适合进行统计学合并。4 项研究（n=428）表明，与对照组相比，音乐治疗在短期和中期随访时更有利于改善抑郁症状。1 项研究（n=106）表明，与对照组相比，音乐治疗在短期随访时更有利于改善焦虑症状。没有研究表明任何对照组优于音乐治疗在改善抑郁和/或焦虑的症状严重程度方面。
有限的证据表明音乐治疗是一种有效的治疗儿童和青少年抑郁和/或焦虑症状严重程度的方法。需要更多高质量的 RCT 来解决当前研究的方法学缺陷。
