Institute of Animal Husbandry, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China.
Key Laboratory of Combining Farming and Animal Husbandry, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin, China.
Cell Biol Int. 2022 Feb;46(2):300-310. doi: 10.1002/cbin.11730. Epub 2021 Dec 9.
The key to successful in vitro embryo production (IVEP) is to mimic the natural in vivo oviductal microenvironment. Although the chemically defined media in extensive use for the in vitro culture of mammalian embryos is based on the composition of oviductal fluid, the IVEP systems in current use must still bypass the oviduct to produce embryos in vitro. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) in the oviduct are versatile intercellular delivery vehicles for maternal-embryo communication, and a lack of them can be associated with failed early embryonic development under in vitro culture conditions. Herein, we isolated EVs from porcine oviduct fluid and confirmed that oviductal EV supplementation improves the embryonic development of parthenogenetically activated (PA) embryos in terms of blastocyst formation rates and total cell numbers. Our experiments also revealed that a beneficial effect of oviductal EVs on PA embryos was achievable, at least in part, by relieving endoplasmic reticulum stress. These results suggest that the maternal-embryo communication mediated by oviductal EVs benefits early embryonic development. Given the contribution of oviductal EVs to early embryonic development, these findings offer novel insights for the optimization of current IVEP systems.
成功的体外胚胎生产（IVEP）的关键是模拟自然的体内输卵管微环境。尽管目前广泛用于哺乳动物胚胎体外培养的化学定义培养基是基于输卵管液的组成，但目前使用的 IVEP 系统仍必须绕过输卵管在体外生产胚胎。输卵管中的细胞外囊泡（EVs）是用于母体-胚胎通讯的多功能细胞间递药载体，缺乏 EVs 可能与体外培养条件下早期胚胎发育失败有关。在此，我们从猪输卵管液中分离出 EVs，并证实输卵管 EV 补充可提高孤雌激活（PA）胚胎的胚胎发育，表现在囊胚形成率和总细胞数上。我们的实验还表明，输卵管 EV 对 PA 胚胎的有益作用至少部分是通过缓解内质网应激来实现的。这些结果表明，由输卵管 EV 介导的母体-胚胎通讯有利于早期胚胎发育。鉴于输卵管 EVs 对早期胚胎发育的贡献，这些发现为优化当前的 IVEP 系统提供了新的见解。
