Haris Muhammad, Haris Sobia, Deeba Farah, Khan Muhammad Jehangir
Department of Anatomy, Nowshera Medical College, Nowshera, PAK.
Medical Education and Simulation, Nowshera Medical College, Nowshera, PAK.
Cureus. 2021 Oct 26;13(10):e19052. doi: 10.7759/cureus.19052. eCollection 2021 Oct.
Objective In this study, we aimed to analyze the anatomy of adult humerii nutrient foramina in the Pakistani population, including the number, size, and relative position of the nutrient foramen in relation to the outer surface and zones, as well as length from the center of the humerus. Materials and methods Dry humerii of unknown age and gender were included and analyzed through non-probability convenience sampling. Those that were broken or had any pathology were excluded. The length of the humerus (cm), the number, size, and position of the nutrient foramen in relation to humerus surfaces and zones, as well as the distance from the humerus midpoint were studied. When many foramina were identified, the largest was designated as prominent foramen, and its dimensions (mm) were calculated. The data were collected and analyzed, i.e., mean, range, percentage, and standard deviation. Results A total of 50 adult dry humerii of unknown age and gender were studied. The humerii had a mean length of about 27.96 ±2.18 cm. The nutrient foramen had a mean size of about 0.828 ±0.26 mm. The mean distance from the humerus center to the major nutrient foramen was nearly 2.31 ±1.25 cm. The nutrient foramen was discovered in the bone in the middle one-third of humerii (84%) and 12% in the lower one-third, while it was only detected in 4% in the top one-third. The nutrient foramen was located in the anteromedial surface 80% of the time, the posterior surface 12% of the time, and the anterolateral surface 8% of the time. Conclusion Based on our findings, the nutrient foramina of adult humerii in the Pakistani population studied were discovered in the anteromedial and posterior surfaces on the anterolateral. Additionally, the nutrient foramen was identified in the middle and lower thirds of the humerii. The majority of the humerii had only one nutrient foramen, while a few humerii had several nutrient foramina. We believe physicians will find our results useful in treating humeral injuries and illnesses.
目的 在本研究中，我们旨在分析巴基斯坦人群中成年肱骨滋养孔的解剖结构，包括滋养孔的数量、大小、相对于肱骨外表面和区域的相对位置，以及距肱骨中心的长度。材料与方法 纳入年龄和性别未知的干燥肱骨，通过非概率方便抽样进行分析。排除有骨折或任何病变的肱骨。研究肱骨的长度（厘米）、滋养孔相对于肱骨表面和区域的数量、大小和位置，以及距肱骨中点的距离。当发现多个滋养孔时，将最大的指定为主要滋养孔，并计算其尺寸（毫米）。收集并分析数据，即均值、范围、百分比和标准差。结果 共研究了50例年龄和性别未知的成年干燥肱骨。肱骨的平均长度约为27.96±2.18厘米。滋养孔的平均大小约为0.828±0.26毫米。从肱骨中心到主要滋养孔的平均距离约为2.31±1.25厘米。滋养孔在肱骨中三分之一处的骨中发现的占84%，在下三分之一处发现的占12%，而在上三分之一处仅发现4%。滋养孔80%位于前内侧表面，12%位于后表面，8%位于前外侧表面。结论 根据我们的研究结果，在巴基斯坦人群中研究的成年肱骨滋养孔在前内侧和后外侧表面被发现。此外，在肱骨的中三分之一和下三分之一处发现了滋养孔。大多数肱骨只有一个滋养孔，而少数肱骨有多个滋养孔。我们相信医生会发现我们的结果对治疗肱骨损伤和疾病有用。
