School of Public Administration, Central South University, Changsha, China.
School of Business, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou, China.
Front Public Health. 2021 Nov 10;9:768728. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.768728. eCollection 2021.
The fairness of health services is an important indicator of the World Health Organization's performance evaluation of health services, and the fairness of health resource allocation is the prerequisite for the fairness of health services. The research in this article aims to explore how to use health and medical resources fairly and effectively to allocate health resources in different fields, populations and projects, in order to achieve the maximization of social and economic benefits of health and medical resources. In the study of the distribution and equity of public health and medical resources, we comprehensively apply Gini coefficient, Theil index, Lorentz curve and difference index, based on the theory of health resource allocation and the theory of health equity, the province's health service resources have been researched and evaluated, combined with regional health planning theories and public health theories, a variety of scientific methods were used to analyze community health service resources at all levels across the country. At the same time, we reviewed the journal literature about the treatment of patients and children, and analyzed the patients admitted to medical institutions in various regions. The research in this paper found that from 2016 to 2020, the Gini coefficient of the province's health institutions according to population distribution has been fluctuating between 0.14 and 0.17. During this 5-year period, the Gini coefficient of the distribution of medical and health expenditures by population shows a downward trend year by year. From 2019, reach below 0.1, this shows that the fairness of the allocation of health resources according to population has a clear trend of improvement.
卫生服务公平性是世界卫生组织对卫生服务绩效评价的重要指标,卫生资源配置公平性是卫生服务公平性的前提。本文旨在探讨如何公平有效地利用卫生和医疗资源,在不同领域、人群和项目中分配卫生资源,以实现卫生和医疗资源的社会效益和经济效益最大化。在公共卫生和医疗资源分配和公平性的研究中,我们综合运用基尼系数、泰尔指数、洛伦茨曲线和差异指数,基于卫生资源配置理论和卫生公平理论,对全省卫生服务资源进行了研究和评价,结合区域卫生规划理论和公共卫生理论,运用多种科学方法对全国各级社区卫生服务资源进行了分析。同时,我们查阅了关于患者和儿童治疗的期刊文献,并对各地区医疗机构收治的患者进行了分析。本文研究发现,2016 年至 2020 年,按人口分布的卫生机构基尼系数在 0.14 到 0.17 之间波动。在这 5 年期间,按人口分布的卫生支出基尼系数呈逐年下降趋势。从 2019 年开始,下降到 0.1 以下,这表明按人口分配卫生资源的公平性有明显改善的趋势。