Saisawart Phasamon, Sutthigran Somchin, Soontornvipart Kumpanart, Thanaboonnipat Chutimon, Darawiroj Damri, Choisunirachon Nan
Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Front Vet Sci. 2021 Nov 10;8:763556. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2021.763556. eCollection 2021.
Diaphragmatic excursion (DE) has been utilized for detecting respiratory related problems in humans. However, several factors should be considered such as the ultrasound technique and factors intrinsic to patients. Nevertheless, knowledge of the effect of these factors on DE in dogs is still lacking. The aim of this study was to evaluate the proper ultrasound technique by varying postures and diaphragmatic locations for DE measurement and to explore intrinsic factors such as diaphragmatic sides, sex, and body weight of dogs on DE. The prospective, analytic, cross-sectional study included 44 healthy dogs; 12 beagles and 32 dogs of other breeds. The experiment was divided into (i) an exploration of the proper ultrasound technique by varying postures (supine, standing, and recumbent in each of the right and left lateral positions), diaphragmatic locations (middle crus and proximal to the last rib), and diaphragmatic sublocations (xiphoid, mid, and proximal rib) for detection of DE and (ii) the evaluation of canine intrinsic factors affecting DE. The results show that the mid-diaphragmatic sublocation in the middle crus area in almost all positions revealed the highest percentage DE detection. However, DEs were revealed to be more accessible in the supine position. There was no significant difference in DE between the right and the left diaphragms or between the sexes of beagle dogs. However, body weight was significantly correlated with the DE among dogs of various sizes. In conclusion, the posture of the dogs and the diaphragmatic location can affect DE evaluation. Neither sex nor diaphragmatic side had an influence, but body weight was revealed as a major factor in DE in dogs.
膈肌移动度（DE）已被用于检测人类与呼吸相关的问题。然而，应考虑几个因素，如超声技术和患者自身的因素。尽管如此，关于这些因素对犬类DE影响的知识仍然匮乏。本研究的目的是通过改变测量DE时的姿势和膈肌位置来评估合适的超声技术，并探讨犬类的膈肌侧别、性别和体重等自身因素对DE的影响。这项前瞻性、分析性横断面研究纳入了44只健康犬；其中12只为比格犬，32只为其他品种的犬。实验分为两部分：（i）通过改变姿势（仰卧位、站立位以及左右侧卧位时的俯卧位）、膈肌位置（中膈脚和最后一根肋骨近端）和膈肌亚位置（剑突、中部和近端肋骨）来探索检测DE的合适超声技术；（ii）评估影响DE的犬类自身因素。结果显示，几乎在所有位置，中膈脚区域的膈肌中部亚位置的DE检测率最高。然而，仰卧位时更容易检测到DE。比格犬左右膈肌之间或不同性别之间的DE没有显著差异。然而，在不同体型的犬中，体重与DE显著相关。总之，犬的姿势和膈肌位置会影响DE评估。性别和膈肌侧别均无影响，但体重是犬类DE的一个主要影响因素。
