In vivo comparison of the regulation of releasable dopamine in the caudate nucleus and the nucleus accumbens of the rat brain.

In vivo voltammetry has been used to measure the release of dopamine evoked by electrical stimulation of the medial forebrain bundle (MFB). Simultaneous measurements have been made with voltammetric-sensing electrodes ipsilateral to the stimulating electrode in the nucleus accumbens and the caudate nucleus of the anesthetized rat. During the stimulation, the species observed in both regions is voltammetrically identical to dopamine. Further evidence for the identity of dopamine is provided by anatomical, physiological, pharmacological, and postmortem data. Postmortem analysis of these brain regions after a single stimulation demonstrates that dopamine levels are unchanged, while dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) levels are increased in both regions. Systemic application of synthesis inhibitors results in a decrease in evoked release for each brain region. Amfonelic acid results in a restoration of stimulated release after synthesis inhibition. Evoked release is affected differently by pargyline in the two brain regions. The evoked release of dopamine is significantly elevated in the nucleus accumbens as a result of pargyline administration, but similar effects are not seen in the caudate nucleus. Tissue levels of dopamine are increased in both brain regions by pargyline, but the increase is significantly greater in the accumbens. Electrolytic lesions of the striatonigral pathway or systemic administration of picrotoxin eliminates the pargyline-induced difference in evoked release of dopamine. Amphetamine causes a reduction in stimulated release in the caudate nucleus with little effect on that observed in the nucleus accumbens.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)