Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, Columbia University, New York City, NY; Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.
Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, Columbia University, New York City, NY.
Mayo Clin Proc. 2021 Dec;96(12):3099-3108. doi: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2021.06.027. Epub 2021 Aug 19.
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a highly transmissible virus with significant global impact, morbidity, and mortality. The SARS-CoV-2 virus may result in widespread organ manifestations including acute respiratory distress syndrome, acute renal failure, thromboembolism, and myocarditis. Virus-induced endothelial injury may cause endothelial activation, increased permeability, inflammation, and immune response and cytokine storm. Endothelial dysfunction is a systemic disorder that is a precursor of atherosclerotic vascular disease that is associated with cardiovascular risk factors and is highly prevalent in patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular and peripheral disease. Several studies have associated various viral infections including SARS-CoV-2 infection with inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, and subsequent innate immune response and cytokine storm. Noninvasive monitoring of endothelial function and identification of high-risk patients who may require specific therapies may have the potential to improve morbidity and mortality associated with subsequent inflammation, cytokine storm, and multiorgan involvement.
严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2（SARS-CoV-2）是一种具有高度传染性的病毒，对全球产生了重大影响，其发病率和死亡率都很高。SARS-CoV-2 病毒可导致广泛的器官表现，包括急性呼吸窘迫综合征、急性肾衰竭、血栓栓塞和心肌炎。病毒引起的内皮损伤可能导致内皮激活、通透性增加、炎症和免疫反应及细胞因子风暴。内皮功能障碍是一种全身性疾病，是与心血管危险因素相关的动脉粥样硬化血管疾病的前兆，在患有动脉粥样硬化性心血管和外周血管疾病的患者中非常普遍。几项研究将包括 SARS-CoV-2 感染在内的各种病毒感染与炎症、内皮功能障碍以及随后的先天免疫反应和细胞因子风暴联系起来。内皮功能的非侵入性监测以及识别可能需要特定治疗的高危患者，有可能降低与随后的炎症、细胞因子风暴和多器官受累相关的发病率和死亡率。
