Ren Xinwei, Wang Lan, Tang Jingchun, Sun Hongwen, Giesy John P
Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Engineering Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China; School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Rd., Shanghai, 200240, China; Shanghai Yangtze River Delta Eco-Environmental Change and Management Observation and Research Station, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Science and Technology, 800 Dongchuan Rd, Shanghai, 200240, China; Shanghai Urban Forest Ecosystem Research Station, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, 800 Dongchuan Rd., Shanghai, 200240, China.
Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Engineering Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China.
Environ Pollut. 2022 Feb 1;294:118516. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118516. Epub 2021 Dec 2.
Multiple sources of microplastics (MPs) in farmland could result in the changing of microbial community and the plant growth. Most studies of MPs in agricultural system have focused on the effects of single types of MPs on growth of plants, while neglect interactions between multiple types of MPs. In this study a pot-experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of multiple types of MPs, including polystyrene beads: M1, 5 μm, M2, 70 nm and degradable mulching film (DMF) fragments on growth of wheat seedlings and associated rhizosphere microbial community. CKD (adding DMF) significantly reduced plant height and base diameter of wheat seedlings. DMF in combination with M2, significantly increased plant height and aboveground biomass, but decreased the base diameter. Actinobacteria was the dominant taxa in the rhizosphere bacterial community in various treatments. PCoA analysis showed that the bacterial composition in M2HD (100 mg kg M with DMF) was significantly different from that of CKD and M2LD (10 mg kg M with DMF). At the level of genera, the dominant fungi in CKD and M2LD were in the genus Fusarium, which is the cause of wheat fusarium blight and Alternaria, which results in decreased base diameter. In CK (control group) and M2HD, Blastobotrys exhibited the greatest abundance, which assisted wheat seedlings in resisting Verticillium disease. Cluster and PCoA analysis showed the fungal composition in CKD was significantly different from CK, M2LD and M2HD. These findings suggest MPs potentially have selective effects on pathogens that affect growth of plants and potentially safety of the food.
农田中微塑料（MPs）的多种来源可能导致微生物群落变化和植物生长改变。农业系统中关于微塑料的大多数研究都集中在单一类型微塑料对植物生长的影响上，而忽略了多种类型微塑料之间的相互作用。在本研究中，进行了一项盆栽试验，以研究多种类型的微塑料，包括聚苯乙烯珠：M1（5μm）、M2（70nm）和可降解地膜（DMF）碎片对小麦幼苗生长及相关根际微生物群落的影响。CKD（添加DMF）显著降低了小麦幼苗的株高和基部直径。DMF与M2组合，显著增加了株高和地上生物量，但降低了基部直径。放线菌是各种处理中根际细菌群落的优势类群。主坐标分析（PCoA）表明，M2HD（100mg/kg M与DMF）中的细菌组成与CKD和M2LD（10mg/kg M与DMF）显著不同。在属水平上，CKD和M2LD中的优势真菌是镰刀菌属，它是小麦赤霉病的病因，以及链格孢属，它会导致基部直径减小。在CK（对照组）和M2HD中，芽殖酵母属的丰度最高，它有助于小麦幼苗抵抗黄萎病。聚类分析和PCoA分析表明，CKD中的真菌组成与CK、M2LD和M2HD显著不同。这些发现表明，微塑料可能对影响植物生长和潜在食品安全的病原体具有选择性作用。
