School of Public Health and Management, Research Center for Medicine and Social Development, Innovation Center for Social Risk Governance in Health, Chongqing Medical University, Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400016, China.
Pre-hospital Emergency Department, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing University Central Hospital, Jiankang Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400016, China.
Int Emerg Nurs. 2022 Jan;60:101106. doi: 10.1016/j.ienj.2021.101106. Epub 2021 Dec 1.
In China, the demand for emergency medical services is increasing. However, there is a shortage of nurses and a high turnover rate. The study has three purposes: (1) to investigate the turnover intention of emergency nurses in China; (2) to analyze the associated factors of turnover intention; and (3) to clarify the relationship between work stress, job burnout, perceived organization support, job satisfaction and turnover intention.
A cross-sectional study was conducted to investigate 56 hospitals with independent emergency departments in Chongqing. A total of 522 emergency nurses were included. Descriptive statistics, One-way analysis of variance, Pearson correlated analysis and a mediation regression analysis were used to analyze the turnover intention, associated factors, and the relationship between the major study variables.
The score of turnover intention was 2.38 ± 0.57, and the proportion of nurses with high turnover intention was 40.61%. Age, working years in emergency department (ED), marital status, employment forms, professional title, promotion opportunities, weekly working hours, monthly night shifts and exposure to workplace violence during the year influenced turnover intention of emergency nurses. Work stress and job burnout were positively correlated with turnover intention (r = 0.189, r = 0.391), while perceived organization support and job satisfaction were negatively correlated with turnover intention (r = - 0.349, r = - 0.485). perceived organization support plays a mediating role between work stress and job burnout, between work stress and job satisfaction, and between work stress and turnover intention.
Work stress, job burnout, perceived organization support and job satisfaction are important associated factors of emergency nurses' turnover intention in China. It is suggested to take intervention measures to reduce work stress and job burnout and to improve perceived organization support and job satisfaction.
在中国，对急诊医疗服务的需求正在增加。然而，护士短缺且离职率高。本研究有三个目的：（1）调查中国急诊护士的离职意向；（2）分析离职意向的相关因素；（3）阐明工作压力、职业倦怠、感知组织支持、工作满意度与离职意向之间的关系。
采用横断面研究方法，对重庆市 56 家具有独立急诊科的医院进行调查，共纳入 522 名急诊护士。采用描述性统计分析、单因素方差分析、Pearson 相关分析和中介回归分析对离职意向、相关因素以及主要研究变量之间的关系进行分析。
离职意向得分为 2.38±0.57，有离职意向的护士比例为 40.61%。年龄、急诊工作年限、婚姻状况、聘用形式、职称、晋升机会、每周工作时间、每月夜班数以及当年遭受工作场所暴力的经历影响急诊护士的离职意向。工作压力和职业倦怠与离职意向呈正相关（r=0.189，r=0.391），而感知组织支持和工作满意度与离职意向呈负相关（r=-0.349，r=-0.485）。感知组织支持在工作压力和职业倦怠、工作压力和工作满意度以及工作压力和离职意向之间发挥中介作用。
工作压力、职业倦怠、感知组织支持和工作满意度是中国急诊护士离职意向的重要相关因素。建议采取干预措施，降低工作压力和职业倦怠，提高感知组织支持和工作满意度。
