Department of Sport Medicine and Functional Explorations, University Teaching Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, Diet and Musculoskeletal Health Team, CRNH, INRA, University of Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
University of Coimbra, FCDEF, CIDAF, Coimbra, Portugal.
Obes Facts. 2022;15(1):46-54. doi: 10.1159/000519271. Epub 2021 Dec 3.
Since adolescents with obesity are prone to bone fragility during weight loss, the aim was to compare the impact of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) versus moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) on bone density, geometry, and strength.
Sixty-one adolescents were randomly assigned to 2 cycling trainings (HIIT and MICT) and a control (CTR, without training) group. Anthropometry, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry with hip structural analysis and the trabecular bone score (TBS) were assessed before and after the 16-week intervention.
Body mass index (BMI) and fat mass (FM) percentage decreased at T1 versus T0 in both training groups (p < 0.001 for HIIT, p = 0.01 for MICT), though to a larger extent in HIIT (p < 0.05). Total body bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (BMC) increased in both training groups (p < 0.001), but to a greater extent in HIIT for BMC (p < 0.05). Lumbar spine BMD and BMC increased in both training groups (p < 0.001 for HIIT, p < 0.01 for MICT), with a time × group interaction between HIIT and CTR (p < 0.05) only. TBS increased in both training groups (p < 0.01 for HIIT, p < 0.05 for MICT). Hip BMD and BMC increased in both HIIT (p < 0.001 and p < 0.01) and MICT (p < 0.01 and p < 0.05). At the narrow neck (NN), endocortical diameter, width (p < 0.01), cross-sectional moment of inertia, and section modulus (Z) (p < 0.05) increased only in the HIIT group, such as BMD and Z (p < 0.05) at the intertrochanteric region (IT) and average cortical thickness (p < 0.001) and width (p < 0.05) at the femoral shaft. At the NN and IT, the buckling ratio decreased only in the HIIT group (p < 0.05), predicting higher resistance to fracture.
In addition to inducing greater BMI and FM percentage decreases in comparison to MICT, HIIT improves multisite bone density, geometry, and strength, which heighten the justification for HIIT as part of weight loss interventions in adolescents with obesity.
由于肥胖青少年在减肥过程中容易出现骨脆弱，因此本研究旨在比较高强度间歇训练（HIIT）与中等强度持续训练（MICT）对骨密度、骨几何形状和骨强度的影响。
61 名青少年被随机分配到 2 种骑行训练（HIIT 和 MICT）和 1 个对照组（CTR，无训练）。在 16 周的干预前后，使用双能 X 射线吸收法进行髋部结构分析和骨小梁评分（TBS）评估。
与 T0 相比，两组在 T1 时体重指数（BMI）和体脂百分比（FM%）均降低（HIIT 组 p < 0.001，MICT 组 p = 0.01），但 HIIT 组降幅更大（p < 0.05）。两组的全身骨密度（BMD）和骨矿物质含量（BMC）均增加（HIIT 组 p < 0.001，MICT 组 p < 0.01），但 HIIT 组 BMC 增加更多（p < 0.05）。两组的腰椎 BMD 和 BMC 均增加（HIIT 组 p < 0.001，MICT 组 p < 0.01），HIIT 组和 CTR 组之间存在时间×组间交互作用（p < 0.05）。两组的 TBS 均增加（HIIT 组 p < 0.01，MICT 组 p < 0.05）。HIIT 组（p < 0.001 和 p < 0.01）和 MICT 组（p < 0.01 和 p < 0.05）的髋部 BMD 和 BMC 均增加。在窄颈（NN）处，内皮质直径、宽度（p < 0.01）、横截面惯性矩和截面模量（Z）（p < 0.05）仅在 HIIT 组增加，如 NN 处的 BMD 和 Z（p < 0.05）和 IT 处的骨密度和 Z（p < 0.05）以及股骨干处的平均皮质厚度（p < 0.001）和宽度（p < 0.05）。在 NN 和 IT 处，仅 HIIT 组的屈曲比降低（p < 0.05），这表明其对骨折的抵抗力更高。
与 MICT 相比，HIIT 除了能更大程度地降低 BMI 和 FM%外，还能改善多部位骨密度、骨几何形状和骨强度，这为 HIIT 作为肥胖青少年减肥干预的一部分提供了更高的合理性。
